IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/riskan/v25y2005i6p1611-1620.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Variance Estimators for Three “Probabilities of Causation”

Author

Listed:
  • Zhihong Cai
  • Manabu Kuroki

Abstract

This article introduces the definitions of three “probabilities of causation” suggested by Pearl (1999), which are used to evaluate the causal effect of an exposure on a disease in epidemiological studies. Pearl (1999) and Tian and Pearl (2000a, 2000b) provided identification formulas for three “probabilities of causation” from statistical data under some assumptions. In order to examine the estimation accuracy problem, this article derives variance estimators for three “probabilities of causation” correspondent to each case in Pearl (1999) and at the same time clarify their properties. In addition, we conduct simulation experiments and show that the proposed method can approximate sufficiently to the variance of “probabilities of causation.” The results of this article provide a complete framework for using “probabilities of causation” effectively in order to analyze responsibility and susceptibility in epidemiological studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhihong Cai & Manabu Kuroki, 2005. "Variance Estimators for Three “Probabilities of Causation”," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(6), pages 1611-1620, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:25:y:2005:i:6:p:1611-1620
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00696.x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00696.x
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00696.x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Josephine A. Mauskopf, 1987. "Projections of Cancer Risks Attributable to Future Exposure to Asbestos," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 7(4), pages 477-486, December.
    2. Stephen W. Lagakos & Frederick Mosteller, 1986. "Assigned Shares in Compensation for Radiation‐Related Cancers," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(3), pages 345-357, September.
    3. Louis Anthony Cox, 1984. "Probability of Causation and the Attributable Proportion Risk," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 4(3), pages 221-230, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Vincent M. Brannigan & Vicki M. Bier & Christine Berg, 1992. "Risk, Statistical Inference, and the Law of Evidence: The Use of Epidemiological Data in Toxic Tort Cases," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(3), pages 343-351, September.
    2. Fritz A. Seiler, 1986. "Assigned Shares and Combined Insults," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(3), pages 371-372, September.
    3. Louis Anthony Cox, 1986. "Technical and Policy Issues in Assigned Share Calculations: A Comment on Lagakos and Mosteller," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(3), pages 373-375, September.
    4. Bertram Price & Michael MacNicoll, 2015. "Multiple Interacting Risk Factors: On Methods for Allocating Risk Factor Interactions," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(5), pages 931-940, May.
    5. Cropper, Maureen L & Oates, Wallace E, 1992. "Environmental Economics: A Survey," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 30(2), pages 675-740, June.
    6. Van Houtven, George & Cropper, Maureen L., 1996. "When is a Life Too Costly to Save? The Evidence from U.S. Environmental Regulations," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 30(3), pages 348-368, May.
    7. Louis Anthony Cox, 1987. "Statistical Issues in the Estimation of Assigned Shares for Carcinogenesis Liability," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 7(1), pages 71-80, March.
    8. Jonathan B. Wiener, 2020. "Learning to Manage the Multirisk World," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(S1), pages 2137-2143, November.
    9. Leila M. Barraj & Nga L. Tran & Michael Goodman & Michael E. Ginevan, 2008. "Perspective: Risk Apportionment and Disease Intervention Strategies," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(2), pages 477-486, April.
    10. Bertram Price & Adam Ware, 2005. "Mesothelioma: Risk Apportionment Among Asbestos Exposure Sources," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(4), pages 937-943, August.
    11. Louis Anthony Cox & Paolo F. Ricci, 1992. "Reassessing Benzene Cancer Risks Using Internal Doses," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(3), pages 401-410, September.
    12. Maria Cuellar & Edward H. Kennedy, 2020. "A non‐parametric projection‐based estimator for the probability of causation, with application to water sanitation in Kenya," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 183(4), pages 1793-1818, October.
    13. Stephen W. Lagakos & Frederick Mosteller, 1986. "Assigned Shares in Compensation for Radiation‐Related Cancers," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(3), pages 345-357, September.
    14. David Rosenberg, 1986. "The Uncertainties of Assigned Shares Tort Compensation: What We Don't Know Can Hurt Us," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(3), pages 363-369, September.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:25:y:2005:i:6:p:1611-1620. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1539-6924 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.