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An empirical analysis of the relationship between the hedge ratio and hedging horizon: A simultaneous estimation of the short‐ and long‐run hedge ratios

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  • Sheng‐Syan Chen
  • Cheng‐Few Lee
  • Keshab Shrestha

Abstract

This article analyzes the effects of the length of hedging horizon on the optimal hedge ratio and hedging effectiveness using 9 different hedging horizons and 25 different commodities. We discuss the concept of short‐ and long‐run hedge ratios and propose a technique to simultaneously estimate them. The empirical results indicate that the short‐run hedge ratios are significantly less than 1 and increase with the length of hedging horizon. We also find that hedging effectiveness increases with the length of hedging horizon. However, the long‐run hedge ratio is found to be close to the naïve hedge ratio of unity. This implies that, if the hedging horizon is long, then the naïve hedge ratio is close to the optimum hedge ratio. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 24:359–386, 2004

Suggested Citation

  • Sheng‐Syan Chen & Cheng‐Few Lee & Keshab Shrestha, 2004. "An empirical analysis of the relationship between the hedge ratio and hedging horizon: A simultaneous estimation of the short‐ and long‐run hedge ratios," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 24(4), pages 359-386, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:24:y:2004:i:4:p:359-386
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    1. Yang (Greg) Hou & Mark Holmes, 2020. "Do higher order moments of return distribution provide better decisions in minimum-variance hedging? Evidence from US stock index futures," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 45(2), pages 240-265, May.
    2. Jitmaneeroj, Boonlert, 2018. "The effect of the rebalancing horizon on the tradeoff between hedging effectiveness and transaction costs," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 282-298.
    3. Yu‐Sheng Lai, 2018. "Estimation of the optimal futures hedge ratio for equity index portfolios using a realized beta generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(11), pages 1370-1390, November.
    4. Białkowski, Jędrzej & Bohl, Martin T. & Perera, Devmali, 2023. "Commodity futures hedge ratios: A meta-analysis," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 30(C).
    5. Donald Lien & Keshab Shrestha, 2005. "Estimating the optimal hedge ratio with focus information criterion," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(10), pages 1011-1024, October.
    6. Aglasan, Serkan & Wu, Shenan & Goodwin, Barry K., 2021. "Cross-hedging with Agricultural Commodities: A Copula-GARCH Approach," 2021 Annual Meeting, August 1-3, Austin, Texas 313960, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    7. Corbet, Shaen & Hou, Yang (Greg) & Hu, Yang & Oxley, Les, 2022. "The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hedging functionality of Chinese financial markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    8. Shrestha, Keshab & Subramaniam, Ravichandran & Peranginangin, Yessy & Philip, Sheena Sara Suresh, 2018. "Quantile hedge ratio for energy markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 253-272.
    9. Shrestha, Keshab & Subramaniam, Ravichandran & Rassiah, Puspavathy, 2017. "Pure martingale and joint normality tests for energy futures contracts," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 174-184.
    10. Yudong Wang & Chongfeng Wu & Li Yang, 2015. "Hedging with Futures: Does Anything Beat the Naïve Hedging Strategy?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(12), pages 2870-2889, December.
    11. Hou, Yang & Holmes, Mark, 2017. "On the effects of static and autoregressive conditional higher order moments on dynamic optimal hedging," MPRA Paper 82000, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Čech, František & Zítek, Michal, 2022. "Marine fuel hedging under the sulfur cap regulations," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    13. Umar, Zaghum & Hussain Shahzad, Syed Jawad & Kenourgios, Dimitris, 2019. "Hedging U.S. metals & mining Industry's credit risk with industrial and precious metals," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-1.
    14. Jędrzej Białkowski & Martin T. Bohl & Devmali Perera, 2022. "Commodity Futures Hedge Ratios: A Meta-Analysis," Working Papers in Economics 22/12, University of Canterbury, Department of Economics and Finance.
    15. Wang Haoyu & Junpeng Di & Qing Han, 2023. "Adaptive hedging horizon and hedging performance estimation," Papers 2302.00251, arXiv.org.
    16. Gurmeet Singh, 2017. "Estimating Optimal Hedge Ratio and Hedging Effectiveness in the NSE Index Futures," Jindal Journal of Business Research, , vol. 6(2), pages 108-131, December.
    17. Yingying Xu & Donald Lien, 2020. "Optimal futures hedging for energy commodities: An application of the GAS model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(7), pages 1090-1108, July.

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