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The Institutional Context of Tolerance for Ethnic Minorities: A Comparative, Multilevel Analysis of Western Europe

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  • Steven A. Weldon

Abstract

Drawing on recent insights in the nationalism and citizenship regime literatures, this article develops a macrotheoretical framework for understanding cross‐national variations in tolerance of ethnic minorities. Specifically, it tests the hypothesis that the degree to which the dominant ethnic tradition or culture is institutionalized in the laws and policies of a nation‐state affects citizen tolerance of ethnic minorities. Employing a multilevel regression model, it systematically tests the framework, as well as competing individual and country‐level explanations, for all member states of the European Union in 1997. Results confirm a strong relationship between the laws governing the acquisition and expression of citizenship, that is, citizenship regime type, and individual tolerance judgments. Moreover, citizenship regime type has a strong mediating effect on three individual‐level variables previously shown to predict tolerance: ingroup national identity, political ideology, and satisfaction with democracy.

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  • Steven A. Weldon, 2006. "The Institutional Context of Tolerance for Ethnic Minorities: A Comparative, Multilevel Analysis of Western Europe," American Journal of Political Science, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 50(2), pages 331-349, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:amposc:v:50:y:2006:i:2:p:331-349
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00187.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Julian Aichholzer & Sylvia Kritzinger & Carolina Plescia, 2021. "National identity profiles and support for the European Union," European Union Politics, , vol. 22(2), pages 293-315, June.
    2. Francesco Pagliacci & Luca Bonacini, 2022. "Explaining The Anti‐Immigrant Sentiment Through a Spatial Analysis: A Study of The 2019 European Elections in Italy," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 113(4), pages 365-381, September.
    3. CALLENS Marie-Sophie, 2015. "Integration policies and public opinion: in conflict or in harmony?," LISER Working Paper Series 2015-02, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER).
    4. Jung In Jo, 2012. "A new wonderland of Asian migration: Does symbolic politics trump utilitarian politics?," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 15(1), pages 43-58, March.
    5. Yunliang Zhang & Xueli Chen & Zhiyang Shen, 2023. "Internet use, market transformation, and individual tolerance: Evidence from China," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    6. Yvonni Markaki & Simonetta Longhi, 2012. "What Determines Attitudes to Immigration in European Countries? An Analysis at the Regional Level," RF Berlin - CReAM Discussion Paper Series 1233, Rockwool Foundation Berlin (RF Berlin) - Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM).
    7. Cengiz Erisen & Cigdem Kentmen-Cin, 2017. "Tolerance and perceived threat toward Muslim immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands," European Union Politics, , vol. 18(1), pages 73-97, March.
    8. Umar Z Ikram & Davide Malmusi & Knud Juel & Grégoire Rey & Anton E Kunst, 2015. "Association between Integration Policies and Immigrants’ Mortality: An Explorative Study across Three European Countries," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-14, June.
    9. Jennifer Fitzgerald, 2012. "Social Engagement and Immigration Attitudes: Panel Survey Evidence from Germany," International Migration Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(4), pages 941-970, December.
    10. Helbling, Marc & Traunmüller, Richard, 2016. "How state support of religion shapes attitudes toward Muslim immigrants: New evidence from a sub-national comparison," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 49(3), pages 391-424.
    11. Daniel Stockemer, 2016. "Structural Data on Immigration or Immigration Perceptions? What Accounts for the Electoral Success of the Radical Right in Europe?," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(4), pages 999-1016, July.
    12. Hazama, Yasushi, 2014. "Minority type matters : ethnic diversity and tolerance in 29 European democracies," IDE Discussion Papers 442, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).
    13. Vincenzo Bove & Georgios Efthyvoulou & Harry Pickard, 2023. "Government ideology and international migration," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 125(1), pages 107-138, January.
    14. Romana Careja & Hans-Jürgen Andreß, 2013. "Needed but Not Liked – The Impact of Labor Market Policies on Natives’ Opinions about Immigrants," International Migration Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(2), pages 374-413, June.
    15. Andrea Bohman, 2015. "It's who you Know. Political Influence on Anti-Immigrant Attitudes and the Moderating Role of Intergroup Contact," Sociological Research Online, , vol. 20(3), pages 62-78, August.
    16. Oriane Sarrasin & Eva G. T. Green & Jasper Assche, 2020. "Consensual Versus Heterogeneous Conceptions of Nationhood: The Role of Citizenship Regimes and Integration Policies Across 21 European Countries," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 148(3), pages 987-1004, April.
    17. Marcel Lubbers & Marcel Coenders, 2017. "Nationalistic attitudes and voting for the radical right in Europe," European Union Politics, , vol. 18(1), pages 98-118, March.
    18. Marc Helbling, 2010. "Public debates on integration and immigration in six West European countries ," EUI-RSCAS Working Papers 22, European University Institute (EUI), Robert Schuman Centre of Advanced Studies (RSCAS).
    19. Thams, Yannick & Kelley, Keith & Von Glinow, Mary Ann, 2018. "Foreigners in the boardroom: The implications of attitudes toward immigration and conservatism in firms' sub-national context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 8-18.
    20. Hazama, Yasushi, 2011. "Determinants of political tolerance : a literature review," IDE Discussion Papers 288, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).
    21. Benjamin Moffitt, 2017. "Liberal Illiberalism? The Reshaping of the Contemporary Populist Radical Right in Northern Europe," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 5(4), pages 112-122.
    22. Luz Martínez-Martinez & Jose Ignacio Niño González & Ubaldo Cuesta Cambra, 2018. "Preferences of Young People in the Use of Facebook as a Health Education Tool for HPV," European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Articles, Revistia Research and Publishing, vol. 4, January -.
    23. Hübner, Wiebke & Phillimore, Jenny & Bradby, Hannah & Brand, Tilman, 2023. "Assessing the contribution of migration related policies to equity in access to healthcare in European countries. A multilevel analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    24. Ellen Quintelier & Yves Dejaeghere, 2008. "Does European Citizenship Increase Tolerance in Young People?," European Union Politics, , vol. 9(3), pages 339-362, September.
    25. Alexander Tatarko & Tomas Jurcik, 2021. "Migrant Integration Policies, Perceived Group Threat and Generalized trust: a Case of European Countries," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 705-727, June.

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