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The Multiple In-group Identity Framework

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  • Daniel J. Lock
  • Daniel C. Funk

Abstract

•We advance a Multiple In-group Identity Framework (MIIF).•It consists of three levels: superordinate, sub and relational.•Sport consumers seek out multiple in-group identities to satiate different social needs.•The effect of each MIIF level depends on the self-importance of the identity.•Managers should design products to encourage behaviour in sub and relational groups.The effects of team identification on sport consumer behaviour are well established. Recent research, however, has moved beyond this perspective to examine how groups within and beyond the team identity influence consumption. Assimilating previous research findings, we advance a Multiple In-group Identity Framework (MIIF), which consists of three levels: (1) superordinate (e.g., team identity), (2) subgroup (e.g., specific stadium area), and (3) relational group (e.g., friends or family). In the MIIF, we conceptualise the complex array of groups to which a consumer may belong within a superordinate identity. Each level includes groups with varying degrees of inclusiveness, homogeneity, and interpersonal attachment to other consumers between members. Individuals seek out sub and relational group membership because solely identifying at the superordinate level may not provide optimal distinctiveness or sufficient interpersonal attachment to other consumers. This provides self-concept benefits that nourish and operate in complement with the superordinate identification. The extent that different in-group identities influence behaviour relates to their importance in a consumer's self-concept and relevance to context. We provide implications for theory and practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel J. Lock & Daniel C. Funk, 2016. "The Multiple In-group Identity Framework," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(2), pages 85-96, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:rsmrxx:v:19:y:2016:i:2:p:85-96
    DOI: 10.1016/j.smr.2015.10.001
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Mansfield, Aaron C. & Delia, Elizabeth B. & Katz, Matthew, 2020. "The blurry spectrums of team identity threat," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 414-427.
    2. Katz, Matthew & Ward, Rose Marie & Heere, Bob, 2018. "Explaining attendance through the brand community triad: Integrating network theory and team identification," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 176-188.
    3. Delia, Elizabeth B. & James, Jeffrey D., 2018. "The meaning of team in team identification," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(4), pages 416-429.
    4. Cho, Heetae & Lee, Hyun-Woo & Chiu, Weisheng, 2021. "Satellite fans: Does sport nostalgia influence purchase intention toward sponsors’ products?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    5. Mohsen Behnam & Geoff Dickson & Vahid Delshab & Anna Gerke & Parvaneh Savari Nikou, 2023. "The moderating effect of fan engagement on the relationship between fan knowledge and fan co-creation in social media," Post-Print hal-03969039, HAL.
    6. Doyle, Jason P. & Filo, Kevin & Lock, Daniel & Funk, Daniel C. & McDonald, Heath, 2016. "Exploring PERMA in spectator sport: Applying positive psychology to examine the individual-level benefits of sport consumption," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 19(5), pages 506-519.
    7. Abed Mahmoudian & Saeed Sadeghi Boroujerdi & Yong Jae Ko & Vahid Delshab, 2024. "The Impact of Perceived Team Reputation on Team Identification in the Context of European Football League Teams," Corporate Reputation Review, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 27(1), pages 70-85, February.
    8. Wegner, Christine E. & Delia, Elizabeth B. & Baker, Bradley J., 2020. "Fan response to the identity threat of potential team relocation," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 215-228.
    9. Wang, Michael Chih-Hung & Tang, Ya-Yun, 2018. "Examining the antecedents of sport team brand equity: A dual-identification perspective," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 293-306.
    10. Adam R. Cocco & Matthew Katz & Marion E. Hambrick, 2021. "Co-Attendance Communities: A Multilevel Egocentric Network Analysis of American Soccer Supporters’ Groups," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-18, July.
    11. Delia, Elizabeth B., 2017. "March sadness: Coping with fan identity threat," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 408-421.

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