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Losing Focus: A Comparative Evaluation of Spatially Targeted Economic Revitalization Programmes in the US and the EU

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Author Info
Robert Greenbaum
Daniele Bondonio

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Abstract

Greenbaum R. T. and Bondonio D. (2004) Losing focus: a comparative evaluation of spatially targeted economic revitalization programmes in the US and the EU, Reg. Studies 38 , 319-334. Do large-scale regional economic revitalization programmes maintain their focus on distressed areas over time? While ignored by much of the impact evaluation literature, the question is vital to address as increased public resources are being devoted to local and regional revitalization efforts. Economic rational and previous empirical findings argue in favour of keeping geographically targeted programmes focused exclusively on distressed areas. The issue is examined by estimating probit econometric models to comparatively evaluate the characteristics of the target areas designated in three rounds of US federal Empowerment Zone and EU Objective 2 programmes. The paper finds that although the programmes were fashioned in different ways, subsequent rounds of designation on both continents greatly expanded the programmes to cover areas with less distress. Greenbaum R. T. et Bondonio D. (2004) Ne pas être au point: une évaluation comparative des programmes de réaménagement économique ciblés aux E-U et dans l'Ue, Reg. Studies 38 , 319-334. Les programmes régionaux de réaménagement économique à grande échelle, est-ce qu'ils réussissent avec le temps à être centrés sur les zones défavorisées? Bien que la documentation sur l'évaluation des impacts n'en tienne pas compte dans une large mesure, il est important d'aborder cette question parce que les dépenses publiques affectées aux actions visant le réaménagement local et régional augmentent. La logique économique et les résultats empiriques antérieurs plaident en faveur des régions défavorisées en tant que le point central des programmes à priorité spatiale. On examine la question à partir des estimations des modèles économétriques du type probit afin d'évaluer d'une manière comparative les caractéristiques des zones ciblées pour ce qui est de trois phases des programmes aux E-U (Empowerment Zones) et dans l'Ue (Objective 2). L'article conclut que, dans les deux continents, les phases ultérieures d'engagement ont élargi leur portée pour embrasser des zones moins défavorisées, bien que les programmes aient été conçus de façon différente. Greenbaum R. T. und Bondonio D. (2004) Verlust der Konzentration: Eine vergleichende Bewertung räumlich ausgewählter Programme zur wirtschaftlichen Wiederbelebung in den USA und in der EU, Reg. Studies 38 , 319-334. Können groß angelegte regionalwirtschaftliche Wiederbelebungsprogramme sich über längere Zeit hinweg auf Notstandsgebiete konzentrieren? Obschon von einem Großteil der Literatur zur Bewertung von Auswirkungen unbeachtet, ist es unbedingt notwendig, sich mit der Frage zu befassen, da öffentliche Mittel zunehmend für Wiederbelebungsversuche am Orte und in ganzen Regionen verwendet werden. Sowohl wirtschaftliche Gründe als auch frühere empirische Befunde sprechen dafür, geographisch ausgewählte Programme weiterhin ausschließlich auf Notstandsgebiete zu konzentrieren Die Frage wird mit Hilfe der Schätzung von probit-ökonomischen Modellen untersucht, um die Eigenschaften der in drei Runden der föderalen Ermächtigungszone der USA, und dem Objektiv 2 Programm der EU ausgesuchten Zielgebiete zu bewerten. Dieser Aufsatz stellt fest, daß die Programme, obschon verschiedenartig gestaltet, auf beiden Kontinenten durch weitere Bestimmungsrunden beträchtlich ausgeweitet wurden, um weniger notleidende Gebiete mit einzuschließen Greenbaum R. T. y Bondonio D. (2004) Cambio de focalización: una evaluación comparativa de programas de revitalización económica con focalización espacial en los EEUU y en la UE, Reg. Studies 38 , 319-334.¿Mantienen su focalización en áreas deprimidas a lo largo del tiempo los programas a gran escala de revitalización económica regional? Aunque ignorada por parte de la literatura existente en torno a la evaluación de impacto, es vital prestar atención a esta cuestión en este momento en el que una mayor cantidad de los recursos públicos están siendo destinados a esfuerzos de revitalización regional y local. La racionalidad económica y resultados empíricos previos argumentan a favor de conservar los programas con focalización geográfica concentrados exclusivamente en las zonas deprimidas. Esta cuestión se examina estimando modelos econométricos probit para evaluar comparativamente las características de las zonas objetivo designadas en tres rondas de los programas de Zonas de Enpoderamiento Federal de los EEUU y de los programas de Objetivo 2 de la UE. El artículo muestra que aunque los programas habían sido diseñados de formas distintas, las subsiguientes rondas de designación en ambos continentes ampliaron los programas para cubrir áreas menos deprimidas.

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Article provided by Taylor and Francis Journals in its journal Regional Studies.

Volume (Year): 38 (2004)
Issue (Month): 3 (May)
Pages: 319-334
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Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:38:y:2004:i:3:p:319-334

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Related research
Keywords: Public Policy; Regional; Urban And Rural Analyses; Analysis Of Growth; Development And Changes; Size And Spatial Distributions Of Regional Economic Activity;

Cited by:
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  1. Krupka, Douglas J. & Noonan, Douglas S., 2009. "Neighborhood Dynamics and the Housing Price Effects of Spatially Targeted Economic Development Policy," IZA Discussion Papers 4308, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  2. Krupka, Douglas J. & Noonan, Douglas S., 2008. "Empowerment Zones, Neighborhood Change and Owner Occupied Housing," IZA Discussion Papers 3320, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
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