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Spatial Inequality in the Australian Youth Labour Market: The Role of Neighbourhood Composition

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Author Info
Dan Andrews
Colin Green
John Mangan

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Abstract

Andrews D., Green C. and Mangan J. (2004) Spatial inequality in the Australian youth labour market: the role of neighbourhood composition, Reg. Studies 38 , 15-25. Australia has experienced a polarization of income and labour market outcomes over the past 20 years ( Gregory and Hunter, 1995 ; Harding, 1996 ). This has taken an increasingly spatial dimension ( Hunter, 1995a, 1995b ), giving rise to concerns that the spatial pooling of disadvantage may hamper the labour market outcomes of youth growing up in poorer residential areas. This paper explores the role that the differential neighbourhood 'quality' of an individual's residential area at age 16 has on their labour market outcomes at age 18 and age 21. Evidence is found that youth who live in poorer quality neighbourhoods face an increased likelihood of being unemployed at both the age of 18 and 21, even after controlling for personal and family characteristics. Andrews D., Green C. et Mangan J. (2004) L'inégalité géographique du marché du travail des jeunes en Australie: l'importance de la structure des voisinages, Reg. Studies 38 , 15-25. Depuis les vingt dernières années, l'Australie accuse une polarisation des revenus et des possibilités d'embauche ( Gregory et Hunter, 1995 ; Harding, 1996 ). Cela a pris une dimension de plus en plus géographique ( Hunter, 1995a, 1995b ), ce qui a suscité de plus en plus d'inquiétude que la concentration géographique de l'inégalité pourrait entraver les possibilités d'embauche des jeunes qui grandissent dans les zones de résidence plus défavorisées. Cet article cherche à examiner l'impact de la variation de la 'qualité' du voisinage où habite un jeune âgé de 16 ans sur les possibilités d'embauche à l'âge de 18 et de 21 ans. Des preuves laissent voir qu'il est plus probable que les jeunes habitant les voisinages plus défavorisés seront au chômage à 18 et à 21 ans, compte tenu des traits personnels et familiaux. Andrews D., Green C. und Mangan J. (2004) Räumliche Unterschiede beim australischen Arbeitsmarkt für Jugendliche: die Rolle der Zusammensetzung von Wohnbezirken, Regional Studies 38 , 15-25. Australien hat in den letzten 20 Jahren eine Polarisierung der Einkommen und Arbeitsmarktergebnisse erlebt ( Gregory und Hunter, 1995 ; Harding, 1996 ). Sie hat eine zunehmend rëumliche Dimension angenommen ( Hunter 1995a, 1995b ), die insofern besorgniserregcnd ist, als das räumliche Zusammenfallen von Nachteilen die Aussichten Jugendlicher der ärmeren Wohnbezirke auf dem Stellenmarkt erschweren könnte. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht die Rolle, welche die unterschiedliche 'Qualität' eines bestimmten Wohnbezirks einem 16 jährigen Einwohners auf seine Aussichten beim Arbeitsmarkt im Alter von 18 und 21 Jahren hat. Es werden Beweise dafür vorgelegt, daß Jugendliche, die in Bezirken schlechterer Qualität leben, größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit entgegensehen, im Alter von 18 und 21 Jahren erwerbslos zu sein, selbst wenn persönliche und Familieneigenschaften in Anschlag gebracht werden. Andrews D., Green C. y Mangan J. (2004) Desigualdad espacial en el mercado laboral de los jóvenes australianos: el papel desempeñado por la composición del vecindario, Reg. Studies 38 , 15-25. Australia ha experimentado una polarización de los ingresos y de las salidas al mercado laboral en los últimos 20 años ( Gregory y Hunter, 1995 , Harding, 1996 ). Esto ha adquirido una dimensión espacial de forma creciente ( Hunter, 1995a, 1995b ), dando lugar a preocupaciones de que la concentración espacial de desigualdades pueda dificultar las salidas al mercado laboral de aquellos jóvenes que crecen en las zonas residenciales más pobres. Este artículo examina el papel que la diferente calidad del vecindario de la zona residencial de un individuo a la edad de 16 años desempeña en las salidas al mercado laboral cuando tiene 18 y 21 años. Se han encontrado pruebas de que los jóvenes que vivían en vecidarios de calidad 'más pobre' tienen que enfrentarse a la creciente posibilidad de estar desempleados cuando tienen 18 y 21 años, incluso después de controlar sus características familiares y personales.

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Article provided by Taylor and Francis Journals in its journal Regional Studies.

Volume (Year): 38 (2004)
Issue (Month): 1 (February)
Pages: 15-25
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Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:38:y:2004:i:1:p:15-25

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Related research
Keywords: Youth Unemployment; Neighbourhoods; Social Interactions; Chô; Mage Des Jeunes; Voisinages; Interactions Sociales; Erwerbslosigkelt Unter Jugendlichen; Wohubezirke; Wechselwirkungem; Desempleo Juvenil; Vecindarios; Interacciones Sociales;

References listed on IDEAS
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  10. Gregory, R.G. & Hunter, B., 1995. "The Macro Economy and the Growth of Ghettos and Urban Poverty in Australia," CEPR Discussion Papers 325, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University.
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