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Border Regions and Trans-border Mobility: Slovakia in Economic Transition

Author

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  • Allan Williams
  • Vladimir Balaz
  • Bernadina Bodnarova

Abstract

This paper analyses the reproduction of border region inequalities in Slovakia, between the later period of state socialism and the post 1989 transition. The 'winners' and 'losers' are largely determined by changing patterns of national and international trade, investment and labour migration in Slovakia after 1989. The paper considers the extent to which regions and households can contest their position within these trajectories through trans-border personal mobility. It analyses the double-faced nature of borders which constitute both economic opportunities and barriers for border regions. In particular, it considers how trans-border arbitrage practices and labour flows benefit individuals and regions. While these may modify border region disparities, their overall impacts are limited and differentiated, and tend to reinforce the economic dynamism of the western regions. In part, such trans-border economic relationships are constrained by the uneven and incomplete institutional and market reforms in Central and Eastern Europe. Trans-border co-operation projects have had little success in overcoming the barriers to trans-border economic relationships based on personal mobility due to the enduring problems of weak market regulation and institutions. The paper, therefore, stresses the need to examine both the practices and the institutions of border region economies. Cet article cherche aanalyser la naissance des inegalites entre les regions frontalieres en Slovakie entre la periode ulterieure du socialisme d'Etat et la periode de transition qui date de 1989. Dans une large mesure, les 'gagnants' et les 'perdants' sont determines en fonction de l'evolution de la ventilation du commerce national et international, de l'investissement et de la migration de la main-d'oeuvre en Slovakie apres 1989. L'article examine jusqu'aquel point les regions et les menages peuvent modifier leur positionnement au sein de ces trajectoires apartir de la mobilitepersonnelle transfrontaliere. On analyse le probleme adouble tranchant que posent les frontieres qui constituent ala fois des opportunites economiques et des barrieres aux regions frontalieres. En particulier, on considere de quelle facon l'arbitrage transfrontalier et les flux de main-d'oeuvre profitent aux individus et aux regions. Alors que ces facteurs-larisquent de modifier les inegalites entre les regions frontalieres, leurs impacts globaux s'averent limites et differencies, et dans l'ensemble ont tendance a renforcer le dynamisme economique des regions al'ouest du pays. En partie, de tels rapports transfrontaliers sont contraints par l'irregulariteet le caractere incomplet des reformes institutionnelles et de marche dans l'Europe centrale et dans l'Europe de l'est. Le partenariat transfrontalier n'a pas reussi asurmonter les barrieres aux rapports economiques trans0034-3404 frontaliers fondes sur la mobilite personnelle a ¤ cause du proble ¤ me irresolu, a ¤ savoir la faiblesse de la regulation du marcheet des institutions. Cet article souligne, donc, qu'il faut examiner et les pratiques et les institutions des economies des regions frontalie ¤ res. Dieser Aufsatz analysiert das Fortbestehen der Ungleichheiten in Grenzgebieten der Slovakei von den letzten Jahren des staatlichen Sozialismus bis zum Ubergang nach 1989. Dabei wurden 'Gewinner' und 'Verlierer' von sich wandelnden Mustern des Handels im Inland und Ausland, Investierungen und Wanderung von Arbeitskraften in der Slovakei nach 1989 bestimmt. Der Aufsatz berucksichtigt das Ausmass, in dem Regionen und Haushalte ihre Stellung in diesen vorgezeichneten Bahnen mittels eigener grenzuberschreitender Mobilitat behaupten konnen. Er analysiert die Doppelnatur von Grenzen, die fur Grenzgebiete Gelegenheiten wie auch Barrieren darstellt. Vorallem beschaftigt er sich damit, inwiefern grenzuberschreitende Schlichtungsverfahren und Arbeitskraftstrome Einzelpersonen und Regionen nutzbringend sind. Obschon sie Grenzgebietsunterschiede mildern konnen, ist die Gesamtwirkung doch begrenzt und unterschiedlich, und tendiert im grossen und ganzen dahin, die wirtschaftliche Dynamik der westlichen Regionen weiter zu starken. ~ um Teil werden derartige grenzuberschreitende Wirtschaftsbeziehungen durch ungleichmassige und unvollstandige Reformen von Markten und Institutionen in Mittel-und Osteuropa zuruckgehalten. Grenzuberschreitende Projekte fur ~ usammenarbeit haben infolge der anhaltenden Probleme mangelhafter Marktverordnungen und Institutionen nur wenig Erfolg bei der U¨berwindung von Schranken gegen grenzu¨berschreitende Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, die auf perso¨nlicher Mobilita¨t beruhen. Der Aufsatz betont deshalb die Notwendigkeit, sowohl die Verfahren als auch die Institutionen der Wirtschaften in Grenzgebieten zu u¨berpru¨fen.

Suggested Citation

  • Allan Williams & Vladimir Balaz & Bernadina Bodnarova, 2001. "Border Regions and Trans-border Mobility: Slovakia in Economic Transition," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(9), pages 831-846.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:35:y:2001:i:9:p:831-846
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400120090257
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elmar Altvater, 1998. "Theoretical Deliberations on Time and Space in Post-socialist Transformation," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(7), pages 591-605.
    2. Stefan Kratke, 1999. "Regional Integration or Fragmentation? The German-Polish Border Region in a New Europe," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(7), pages 631-641.
    3. Claire Wallace & Oksana Shmulyar & Vasil Bedsir, 1999. "The Significance of Borders in the East European Transition," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(4), pages 738-750, December.
    4. Trond Thuen, 1999. "The Significance of Borders in the East European Transition," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(4), pages 738-750, December.
    5. Claire Wallace, 1999. "The Significance of Borders in the East European Transition," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(4), pages 751-770, December.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Cavallaro, Federico & Dianin, Alberto, 2019. "Cross-border commuting in Central Europe: features, trends and policies," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 86-104.
    3. Sylwia Dołzbłasz & Andrzej Raczyk, 2017. "Transborder Co-Operation and Competition Among Firms in the Polish-German Borderland," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 108(2), pages 141-156, April.

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