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Legal Liability, Government Intervention, and Auditor Behavior: Evidence from Structural Reform of Audit Firms in China

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  • Ku He
  • Xiaofei Pan
  • Gary Tian

Abstract

This paper investigates how legal liability influences audit quality and audit fees, particularly in the presence of government intervention. Since 2010, all Chinese audit firms were required to transform from a structure of limited liability company (LLC) to limited liability partnership (LLP), which removes the cap on the liability exposure of negligent auditors. By adopting this natural experiment, we document the following findings: first, after audit firms reorganize as LLPs, auditors are more likely to (1) issue modified audit opinions and going-concern opinions, (2) constrain clients’ earnings management, and (3) charge a premium in audit fees, which suggest that exerting unlimited legal liability on negligent auditors improves both audit quality and audit fees. Second, the effect of the LLP adoption is more pronounced when auditors are from local audit firms, and clients are controlled by local governments. Further analyses suggest that the stock prices of clients positively react to the reform event, which indicates that LLP adoption improves the overall value of audits. In summary, our empirical findings are consistent with the argument that legal liability is able to effectively shape auditor behavior in emerging markets where the other institutional mechanisms are relatively weaker and government intervention is heavy.

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  • Ku He & Xiaofei Pan & Gary Tian, 2017. "Legal Liability, Government Intervention, and Auditor Behavior: Evidence from Structural Reform of Audit Firms in China," European Accounting Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(1), pages 61-95, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:euract:v:26:y:2017:i:1:p:61-95
    DOI: 10.1080/09638180.2015.1100547
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    2. Yanlin Li & Gary Gang Tian & Xin Wang, 2023. "Effects of appointing new independent directors who are professionally affiliated with their predecessors: Evidence from China," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 50(1-2), pages 267-307, January.
    3. Kevin C. W. Chen & Tai‐Yuan Chen & Weifang Han & Hongqi Yuan, 2022. "Auditors Under Fire: The Association Between Audit Errors and the Career Setbacks of Individual Auditors," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(3), pages 853-900, June.
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    5. Anna Alon & Oksana Kim, 2022. "Protectionism through legislative layering: Implications for auditors and investors," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 5(3), pages 363-383, September.

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