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How may a carbon tax transform Australian electricity industry? A CGE analysis

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  • Sam Meng

Abstract

The carbon tax policy proposed by Australian government has triggered deep concerns about the high electricity prices facing households and the sustainability of electricity industry. By employing a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and an environmentally extended Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), this article simulates the effect of Australian carbon tax on the electricity industry. The modelling results show that the wholesale electricity prices indeed increase by about 90%, but the retailer prices only increase by 25%. The coal-fired electricity generators will reduce their output by 8% (for black-coal) to 18% (for brown-coal), but the profitability of the industry will drop dramatically. On the other hand, generators using oil, gas or renewable resources, will increase their output significantly and enjoy a handsome profit. Through the price, cost and profitability mechanisms, the carbon tax will transfer the Australian electricity generation to a low emission industry in the long term.

Suggested Citation

  • Sam Meng, 2014. "How may a carbon tax transform Australian electricity industry? A CGE analysis," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(8), pages 796-812, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:46:y:2014:i:8:p:796-812
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2013.854302
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    1. R.A. McDougall, 1993. "Energy Taxes and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Australia," Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre Working Papers g-104, Victoria University, Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre.
    2. Philip D. Adams & J. Mark Horridge & Brian R. Parmenter, 2000. "MMRF-GREEN: A Dynamic, Multi-Sectoral, Multi-Regional Model of Australia," Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre Working Papers op-94, Victoria University, Centre of Policy Studies/IMPACT Centre.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Maruf Rahman Maxim & Kerstin K. Zander, 2020. "Green Tax Reform in Australia in the Presence of Improved Environment-Induced Productivity Gain: Does It Offer Sustainable Recovery from a Post-COVID-19 Recession?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Henningsen, Arne & Henningsen, Geraldine & van der Werf, Edwin, 2019. "Capital-labour-energy substitution in a nested CES framework: A replication and update of Kemfert (1998)," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 16-25.
    4. Weiguo Fan & Zhicheng Gao & Nan Chen & Hejie Wei & Zihan Xu & Nachuan Lu & Xuechao Wang & Peng Zhang & Jiahui Ren & Sergio Ulgiati & Xiaobin Dong, 2018. "It is Worth Pondering Whether a Carbon Tax is Suitable for China’s Agricultural-Related Sectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-26, August.

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