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Environmental Flows Allocation for a Tropical Reservoir System by Integration of Water Quantity (SWAT) and Quality (GEFC, QUAL2K) Models

Author

Listed:
  • Mummidivarapu Satish Kumar

    (International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad)

  • P. N. Chandi Priya

    (International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad)

  • Rehana Shaik

    (International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad)

  • Shailesh Kumar Singh

    (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research)

Abstract

Environmental flow (Eflow) allocations of reservoir-river systems do not adequately address the connections between reservoir inflows, releases, and corresponding downstream river water quality rendering water resources management difficult. The study integrated the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for reservoir inflows estimation and corresponding releases with Global Environmental Flow Calculator (GEFC) for Eflows allocations to simulate the resulting Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of the downstream river stretch using QUAL2K. The study considered various plausible scenarios of inflows (10 to 20% reduction), pollution scenarios of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) (0 to 100% treatment) for arriving drains by altering headwaters DO (4 to 8 mg/l). Eflow water quality charts were developed for the regulation of reservoir downstream river water quality for Bhadra river in India as case study. The study revealed that by maintaining the headwater DO in conjunction with BOD treatment of drains and with sufficient Eflow allocation, downstream river water quality can be improved. By maintaining a headwater DO of 7 mg/l with BOD treatment of drains of 25% and by providing Eflow allocation of 40.12 m3/s with class D, the Bhadravathi river stretch has shown an improved river water quality with about 6.65 mg/l of average DO.

Suggested Citation

  • Mummidivarapu Satish Kumar & P. N. Chandi Priya & Rehana Shaik & Shailesh Kumar Singh, 2023. "Environmental Flows Allocation for a Tropical Reservoir System by Integration of Water Quantity (SWAT) and Quality (GEFC, QUAL2K) Models," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(1), pages 113-133, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:37:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1007_s11269-022-03358-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-022-03358-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. S. Rehana & P. Mujumdar, 2014. "Basin Scale Water Resources Systems Modeling Under Cascading Uncertainties," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(10), pages 3127-3142, August.
    2. Smakhtin, Vladimir & Anputhas, Markandu, 2006. "An assessment of environmental flow requirements of Indian river basins," IWMI Research Reports H039610, International Water Management Institute.
    3. David J. Peres & Antonino Cancelliere, 2016. "Environmental Flow Assessment Based on Different Metrics of Hydrological Alteration," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(15), pages 5799-5817, December.
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