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The Harmony in Life Scale Complements the Satisfaction with Life Scale: Expanding the Conceptualization of the Cognitive Component of Subjective Well-Being

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  • O. Kjell
  • D. Daukantaitė
  • K. Hefferon
  • S. Sikström

Abstract

Conceptually, the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener et al. in J Pers Assess 49(1):71–75, 1985 ) emphasizes evaluations comparing actual and expected life circumstances. Contrastingly we developed the Harmony in Life Scale (HILS) emphasizing psychological balance and flexibility in life. Study 1 (476 participants) developed the HILS. In Study 2 participants (N = 787, T1; N = 545, T2) answered well-being related questionnaires and generated words/texts related to HIL/SWL. The HILS yields satisfactory statistical properties, correlates as expected to well-being related scales, whilst HIL/SWL form a two-factor model. Hierarchical regressions reveal that HILS explains considerably more unique variance than SWLS in most included measures. Quantitative semantic analyses (employing latent semantic analyses) on words related to HIL/SWL reveal that they differ significantly in their semantic content. Word frequency analyses show that harmony significantly relate to peace, balance, etc. and satisfaction with job, money, etc. The HILS demonstrates validity, reliability, and uniqueness complementing the SWLS in forming a more holistic understanding of subjective well-being. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016

Suggested Citation

  • O. Kjell & D. Daukantaitė & K. Hefferon & S. Sikström, 2016. "The Harmony in Life Scale Complements the Satisfaction with Life Scale: Expanding the Conceptualization of the Cognitive Component of Subjective Well-Being," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 126(2), pages 893-919, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:soinre:v:126:y:2016:i:2:p:893-919
    DOI: 10.1007/s11205-015-0903-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Danilo Garcia & Sverker Sikström, 2013. "Quantifying the Semantic Representations of Adolescents’ Memories of Positive and Negative Life Events," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 14(4), pages 1309-1323, August.
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    5. Ed Diener & Ronald Inglehart & Louis Tay, 2013. "Theory and Validity of Life Satisfaction Scales," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 112(3), pages 497-527, July.
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    3. Sverker Sikström & Laura Mai Stoinski & Kristina Karlsson & Lotta Stille & Johan Willander, 2020. "Weighting power by preference eliminates gender differences," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-19, November.
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    5. İbrahim Demirci, 2022. "Family Harmony and Flourishing in Turkey: The Roles of Interdependent Happiness and Harmony in Life," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 985-1005, March.
    6. Holli-Anne Passmore & Andrew J. Howell & Mark D. Holder, 2018. "Positioning Implicit Theories of Well-Being Within a Positivity Framework," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(8), pages 2445-2463, December.
    7. Feng Kong & Xinyu Gong & Sonia Sajjad & Kairong Yang & Jingjing Zhao, 2019. "How Is Emotional Intelligence Linked to Life Satisfaction? The Mediating Role of Social Support, Positive Affect and Negative Affect," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 20(8), pages 2733-2745, December.
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    9. Mohsen Joshanloo, 2022. "Mental Balance in 116 Nations: Where It Is Experienced and Valued," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-10, September.
    10. Junguang Gao & Tao Chen & Thomas Schøtt & Fuzhen Gu, 2022. "Entrepreneurs’ Life Satisfaction Built on Satisfaction with Job and Work–Family Balance: Embedded in Society in China, Finland, and Sweden," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-21, May.
    11. Chi, Christina Geng-qing & Cai, Ruiying & Li, Yongfen, 2017. "Factors influencing residents’ subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 209-222.
    12. Kailin Cheng & Jiangqun Liao, 2023. "Coping with Coronavirus Pandemic: Risk Perception Predicts Life Optimism," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 351-371, January.
    13. Erik Carlquist & Pål Ulleberg & Antonella Delle Fave & Hilde E. Nafstad & Rolv M. Blakar, 2017. "Everyday Understandings of Happiness, Good Life, and Satisfaction: Three Different Facets of Well-being," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 12(2), pages 481-505, June.
    14. Nicolas Pellerin & Michael Dambrun & Eric Raufaste, 2022. "Selflessness Meets Higher and More Stable Happiness: An Experience Sampling Study of the Joint Dynamics of Selflessness and Happiness," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 3127-3142, August.
    15. Farhan Sarwar & Siti Aisyah Panatik & Mohammad Saipol Mohd Sukor & Noraini Rusbadrol, 2021. "A Job Demand–Resource Model of Satisfaction With Work–Family Balance Among Academic Faculty: Mediating Roles of Psychological Capital, Work-to-Family Conflict, and Enrichment," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, April.
    16. David F. Carreno & Nikolett Eisenbeck & James Greville & Paul T. P. Wong, 2023. "Cross-Cultural Psychometric Analysis of the Mature Happiness Scale-Revised: Mature Happiness, Psychological Inflexibility, and the PERMA Model," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 1075-1099, March.

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