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The Cost of Patients with Chronic Kidney Failure Before Dialysis: Results from the IRIDE Observational Study

Author

Listed:
  • Claudio Jommi

    (Università del Piemonte Orientale
    SDA School of Management Bocconi)

  • Patrizio Armeni

    (SDA School of Management Bocconi)

  • Margherita Battista

    (Università del Piemonte Orientale)

  • Paolo Procolo

    (Università del Piemonte Orientale)

  • Giuseppe Conte

    (Second University of Naples)

  • Claudio Ronco

    (San Bortolo Hospital)

  • Mario Cozzolino

    (University of Milan)

  • Anna Maria Costanzo

    (Abbvie Srl, Campoverde di Aprilia)

  • Umberto Luzio Paparatti

    (Abbvie Srl, Campoverde di Aprilia)

  • Gabriella Concas

    (Struttura Complessa Territoriale Nefrologia e Dialisi-ASL 8 Cagliari)

  • Giuseppe Remuzzi

    (IRCCS, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri)

Abstract

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important public health problem. Most of the evidence on its costs relates to patients receiving dialysis or kidney transplants, which shows that, in these phases, CKD poses a high burden to payers. Less evidence is available on the costs of the predialytic phase. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the annual cost of patients with CKD not receiving dialysis treatment, using the Italian healthcare system perspective and a prospective approach. Methods A 3-year observational study (December 2010–September 2014) was carried out to collect data on resource consumption for 864 patients with CKD. Costs were estimated for both patients who completed the follow-up and dropouts. Results The mean annual total (healthcare) cost per patient equalled €2723 (95% confidence interval 2463.0–2983.3). Disease severity (higher CKD stage), multiple comorbidities, dropout status and belonging to the southern region are predictive of higher costs. Pharmaceuticals, hospitalisation, and outpatient services account for 71.5, 18.8 and 9.7% of total healthcare expenditure, respectively. Recent estimates of Italian costs of patients receiving dialysis are nine times the unit costs of CKD for patients estimated in this study. Unit costs at stage 5 CKD (the highest level of severity) equals 4.7 times the costs for patients at stage 1 CKD. Conclusion Despite its limitations, this study provides further evidence on the opportunity to invest in the first phases of CKD to avoid progression and an increase in healthcare costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudio Jommi & Patrizio Armeni & Margherita Battista & Paolo Procolo & Giuseppe Conte & Claudio Ronco & Mario Cozzolino & Anna Maria Costanzo & Umberto Luzio Paparatti & Gabriella Concas & Giuseppe R, 2018. "The Cost of Patients with Chronic Kidney Failure Before Dialysis: Results from the IRIDE Observational Study," PharmacoEconomics - Open, Springer, vol. 2(4), pages 459-467, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:pharmo:v:2:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s41669-017-0062-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s41669-017-0062-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Giuseppe Pontoriero & Pietro Pozzoni & Lucia Vecchio & Francesco Locatelli, 2007. "International Study of Health Care Organization and Financing for renal replacement therapy in Italy: an evolving reality," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 7(2), pages 201-215, September.
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    1. Sarah Elshahat & Paul Cockwell & Alexander P Maxwell & Matthew Griffin & Timothy O’Brien & Ciaran O’Neill, 2020. "The impact of chronic kidney disease on developed countries from a health economics perspective: A systematic scoping review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, March.

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