IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/josatr/v1y2016i1d10.1186_s41072-016-0009-z.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Low emission engine technologies for future tier 3 legislations - options and case studies

Author

Listed:
  • Christer Wik

    (University of Vaasa)

  • Seppo Niemi

    (University of Vaasa)

Abstract

Marine emission legislation such as the current IMO Tier II and upcoming IMO Tier III requirements within the revised Marpol Annex VI have been major drivers for performance development of marine engines during the latest years. These requirements have triggered a vast amount of research activity at the engine OEM’s in order to identify and develop the best possible technologies for fulfilling the requirements. A main objective of this research has been to identify the various options available for reducing engine SOx and NOx emissions and to clarify the main criteria engine manufacturers consider to determine the optimum technology. Another objective has been to investigate how ship-owners and operators within the various marine segments are impacted by the new emissions requirements and what key factors they need to consider when identifying the optimum engine technology. Case studies conclude that the optimum solution can vary depending on the vessel application, operating time inside ECAs, as well as prices for fuels and reduction agents. In new-building cases, gas operated engines without after-treatment systems show a strong value proposition as an alternative to liquid fuel engines that require after-treatment solutions - especially for short-haul shipping applications where tighter emission legislations are enforced to a larger extent. Overall, 2-stage turbo charging, LNG, and SCR technologies are concluded to be the most feasible technologies. Generally, lower operating costs can compensate higher capital expenditures meaning that the owner should carefully evaluate the total cost of ownership of the various alternatives, and not consider only the initial capital expenditure. The choice of best technology option depends on a variety of issues which can change over time - such as the operation profile and route of the vessel and commodity prices. Consequently the ship-owner should evaluate the alternative technologies for a wide range of possible scenarios to find a flexible solution that minimizes exposure to risks related to changing boundary conditions. With this research, the reasons why certain emission reduction technologies are preferred to others both from OEM’s and ship-owner’s point of view are quantified and the most feasible technologies for meeting the requirements are identified.

Suggested Citation

  • Christer Wik & Seppo Niemi, 2016. "Low emission engine technologies for future tier 3 legislations - options and case studies," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 1-22, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:josatr:v:1:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1186_s41072-016-0009-z
    DOI: 10.1186/s41072-016-0009-z
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1186/s41072-016-0009-z
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1186/s41072-016-0009-z?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Thomson, Heather & Corbett, James J. & Winebrake, James J., 2015. "Natural gas as a marine fuel," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 153-167.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Antonina Kalinichenko & Valerii Havrysh & Igor Atamanyuk, 2019. "The Acceptable Alternative Vehicle Fuel Price," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-20, October.
    2. Peter J. Stavroulakis & Stratos Papadimitriou, 2022. "Total cost of ownership in shipping: a framework for sustainability," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Choi, Yeongryeol & Kim, Junghwan & Moon, Il, 2020. "Simulation and economic assessment of using H₂O₂ solution in wet scrubber for large marine vessels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    4. Monica Grosso & Fabio Luis Marques dos Santos & Konstantinos Gkoumas & Marcin Stępniak & Ferenc Pekár, 2021. "The Role of Research and Innovation in Europe for the Decarbonisation of Waterborne Transport," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-21, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Park, Hyunjun & Lee, Sanghuk & Jeong, Jinyeong & Chang, Daejun, 2018. "Design of the compressor-assisted LNG fuel gas supply system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 1017-1027.
    2. Sofia Dahlgren & Jonas Ammenberg, 2021. "Sustainability Assessment of Public Transport, Part II—Applying a Multi-Criteria Assessment Method to Compare Different Bus Technologies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-30, January.
    3. Kian-Guan Lim & Michelle Lim, 2020. "Financial performance of shipping firms that increase LNG carriers and the support of eco-innovation," Journal of Shipping and Trade, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 1-25, December.
    4. Brewer, Thomas L., 2019. "Black carbon emissions and regulatory policies in transportation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 1047-1055.
    5. Tan, Roy & Duru, Okan & Thepsithar, Prapisala, 2020. "Assessment of relative fuel cost for dual fuel marine engines along major Asian container shipping routes," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    6. Kirsi Spoof-Tuomi & Seppo Niemi, 2020. "Environmental and Economic Evaluation of Fuel Choices for Short Sea Shipping," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-19, January.
    7. Yifan Wang & Laurence A. Wright, 2021. "A Comparative Review of Alternative Fuels for the Maritime Sector: Economic, Technology, and Policy Challenges for Clean Energy Implementation," World, MDPI, vol. 2(4), pages 1-26, October.
    8. Wang, Tingsong & Cheng, Peiyue & Zhen, Lu, 2023. "Green development of the maritime industry: Overview, perspectives, and future research opportunities," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    9. Sun, Wantong & Wei, Na & Zhao, Jinzhou & Kvamme, Bjørn & Zhou, Shouwei & Zhang, Liehui & Almenningen, Stian & Kuznetsova, Tatiana & Ersland, Geir & Li, Qingping & Pei, Jun & Li, Cong & Xiong, Chenyang, 2022. "Imitating possible consequences of drilling through marine hydrate reservoir," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).
    10. Hoang, Anh Tuan & Pandey, Ashok & Martinez De Osés, Francisco Javier & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Said, Zafar & Ng, Kim Hoong & Ağbulut, Ümit & Tarełko, Wiesław & Ölçer, Aykut I. & Nguyen, Xuan Phuong, 2023. "Technological solutions for boosting hydrogen role in decarbonization strategies and net-zero goals of world shipping: Challenges and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    11. Maria Cristina Cameretti & Roberta De Robbio & Marco Palomba, 2023. "Numerical Analysis of Dual Fuel Combustion in a Medium Speed Marine Engine Supplied with Methane/Hydrogen Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-22, September.
    12. Inal, Omer Berkehan & Charpentier, Jean-Frédéric & Deniz, Cengiz, 2022. "Hybrid power and propulsion systems for ships: Current status and future challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    13. Zhu, Sipeng & Zhang, Kun & Deng, Kangyao, 2020. "A review of waste heat recovery from the marine engine with highly efficient bottoming power cycles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    14. Mohamad Issa & Adrian Ilinca & Fahed Martini, 2022. "Ship Energy Efficiency and Maritime Sector Initiatives to Reduce Carbon Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-37, October.
    15. Wei, Lijiang & Cheng, Rupeng & Mao, Hongjun & Geng, Peng & Zhang, Yanjie & You, Kun, 2018. "Combustion process and NOx emissions of a marine auxiliary diesel engine fuelled with waste cooking oil biodiesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 73-80.
    16. Wermer, Lydia & Lefkowitz, Joseph K. & Ombrello, Timothy & Im, Seong-kyun, 2021. "Spark and flame kernel interaction with dual-pulse laser-induced spark ignition in a lean premixed methane–air flow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PB).
    17. Ju-Hwan Seol & Van Chien Pham & Won-Ju Lee, 2021. "Effects of the Multiple Injection Strategy on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Two-Stroke Marine Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-16, October.
    18. Bilgili, Levent, 2021. "Comparative assessment of alternative marine fuels in life cycle perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    19. Balcombe, Paul & Staffell, Iain & Kerdan, Ivan Garcia & Speirs, Jamie F. & Brandon, Nigel P. & Hawkes, Adam D., 2021. "How can LNG-fuelled ships meet decarbonisation targets? An environmental and economic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    20. Van Chien Pham & Jae-Hyuk Choi & Beom-Seok Rho & Jun-Soo Kim & Kyunam Park & Sang-Kyun Park & Van Vang Le & Won-Ju Lee, 2021. "A Numerical Study on the Combustion Process and Emission Characteristics of a Natural Gas-Diesel Dual-Fuel Marine Engine at Full Load," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-28, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:josatr:v:1:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1186_s41072-016-0009-z. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.