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Enclaves, neighbourhood effects and employment outcomes: Ethnic minorities in England and Wales

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Author Info
Kenneth Clark () (School of Economic Studies, University of Manchester, Dover Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom)
Stephen Drinkwater () (Department of Economics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom)

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Abstract

Ethnic minorities in England and Wales are spatially concentrated in relatively-deprived urban areas. Both geographic clustering and the economic characteristics of ethnically-concentrated neighbourhoods can impact upon the opportunities and constraints facing residents of such areas. This paper explores the relationship between the existence of enclaves and the employment prospects of ethnic minorities in England and Wales. It is shown that there is considerable spatial variation in employment outcomes. There is a lower incidence of self-employment in more ethnically-concentrated urban areas, which contradicts the view of ethnic entrepreneurship as an enclave phenomenon. Unemployment rates are also higher for minorities living in more concentrated areas. Enclaves in England and Wales do not appear to offer many economic benefits to minority individuals.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by Springer in its journal Journal of Population Economics.

Volume (Year): 15 (2002)
Issue (Month): 1 ()
Pages: 5-29
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Handle: RePEc:spr:jopoec:v:15:y:2002:i:1:p:5-29

Note: Received: 31 December 1999/Accepted: 27 November 2000
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Related research
Keywords: Ethnic minorities; enclaves; employment;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
J7 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination

Cited by:
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  1. Alicia M. Robb & Robert W. Fairlie, 2008. "Determinants of Business Success: An Examination of Asian-Owned Businesses in the United States," CEPR Discussion Papers 569, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University. [Downloadable!]
  2. Robert W. Fairlie & Christopher Woodruff, 2008. "Mexican-American Entrepreneurship," CEPR Discussion Papers 575, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University. [Downloadable!]
  3. Martin Kahanec & Mariapia Mendola, 2007. "Social Determinants of Labor Market Status of Ethnic Minorities in Britain," IZA Discussion Papers 3146, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Patacchini, Eleonora & Zenou, Yves, 2008. "Ethnic Networks and Employment Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 3331, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  5. Silvio Rendon, 2006. "The Catalan Premium: Language and Employment in Catalonia," Working Papers 0604, Centro de Investigacion Economica, ITAM. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Simon Peters & Ken Clark & Pascal Ekin & Anja Le Blanc & Stephen Pickles, 2007. "Grid Enabling Empirical Economics: A Microdata Application," Computational Economics, Springer, vol. 30(4), pages 349-370, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Ken Clark & Stephen Drinkwater, 2006. "Changing Patterns of Ethnic Minority Self-Employment in Britain: Evidence from Census Microdata," IZA Discussion Papers 2495, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  8. Kenneth Clark & Stephen Drinkwater, 2005. "Dynamics and Diversity: Ethnic Employment Differences in England and Wales, 1991-2001," IZA Discussion Papers 1698, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
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