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Ethnic inequalities in health between Arabs and Jews in Israel: the relative contribution of individual-level factors and the living environment

Author

Listed:
  • Nihaya Daoud

    (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev)

  • Varda Soskolne

    (Bar-Ilan University)

  • Jennifer S. Mindell

    (UCL)

  • Marilyn A. Roth

    (UCL)

  • Orly Manor

    (Hebrew University-Hadassah)

Abstract

Objectives Ethnic inequalities in health (EIH) are unjust public health problem that emerge across societies. In Israel, despite uniform healthcare coverage, marked EIH persist between Arabs and Jews. Methods We draw on the ecosocial approach to examine the relative contributions of individual socioeconomic status (SES), psychosocial and health behavioral factors, and the living environment (neighborhood problems, social capital, and social participation) to explaining ethnic differences in self-rated health (SRH). Data were derived from two nationwide studies conducted in 2004–2005 of stratified samples of Arabs (N = 902) and Jews (N = 1087). Results Poor SRH was significantly higher among Arabs after adjustment for age and gender [odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.94 (1.57–2.40)]. This association was reversed following adjustment for all possible mediators: OR (95% CI) = 0.70(0.53–0.92). The relative contribution of SES and the living environment was sizable, each attenuating the EIH by 40%, psychosocial factors by 25%, and health behaviors by 16%. Conclusions Arabs in Israel have poorer SRH than Jews. Polices to reduce this inequality should mainly focus on improving the SES and the living conditions of the Arabs, which might enhance health behaviors and well-being.

Suggested Citation

  • Nihaya Daoud & Varda Soskolne & Jennifer S. Mindell & Marilyn A. Roth & Orly Manor, 2018. "Ethnic inequalities in health between Arabs and Jews in Israel: the relative contribution of individual-level factors and the living environment," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 63(3), pages 313-323, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ijphth:v:63:y:2018:i:3:d:10.1007_s00038-017-1065-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s00038-017-1065-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    3. Nihaya Daoud & Ye Eun Jung & Ahmad Sheikh Muhammad & Ruth Weinstein & Amir Qaadny & Faten Ghattas & Mohammad Khatib & Itamar Grotto, 2018. "Facilitators and barriers to smoking cessation among minority men using the behavioral-ecological model and Behavior Change Wheel: A concept mapping study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(10), pages 1-26, October.
    4. Kathleen Abu-Saad & Nihaya Daoud & Giora Kaplan & Arnona Ziv & Arnon D. Cohen & Liraz Olmer & Daphna Pollack & Ofra Kalter-Leibovici, 2022. "Comparing Patient Perspectives on Diabetes Management to the Deficit-Based Literature in an Ethnic Minority Population: A Mixed-Methods Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-17, November.
    5. Violetta Rozani, 2022. "Ethnic Differences in Socioeconomic and Health Determinants Related to Self-Rated Health Status: A Study on Community-Dwelling Israeli Jews and Arabs in Old Age," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-13, October.
    6. Liqin Zhang & Lin Wu, 2021. "Community Environment Perception on Depression: The Mediating Role of Subjective Social Class," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-16, July.
    7. Efrat Neter & Svetlana Chachashvili-Bolotin, 2022. "Ethnic Differences in Attitudes and Preventive Behaviors Related to Alzheimer’s Disease in the Israeli Survey of Aging," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-14, August.
    8. Anne Marie Novak & Adi Katz & Michal Bitan & Shahar Lev-Ari, 2022. "The Association between the Sense of Coherence and the Self-Reported Adherence to Guidelines during the First Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Israel," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-13, June.

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