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Is there an Upside to Social Withdrawal? Considering Well-Being among Socially Withdrawn Emerging Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Leanna M. Closson

    (Saint Mary’s University)

  • Alicia M. McVarnock

    (Saint Mary’s University)

  • Laura E. Cook

    (Saint Mary’s University)

Abstract

Removing oneself from social interactions, referred to as social withdrawal, has primarily been shown to predict maladjustment. Previous research distinguishing between social withdrawal subtypes based on individual differences in underlying social motivations, indicates that shyness and avoidance are more problematic than unsociability, particularly during the emerging adulthood years. Nevertheless, little research has examined the potential upside to social withdrawal. The aim of this study was to consider differences in well-being between sociable, shy, avoidant, and unsociable emerging adults. Participants included 813 Canadian university students between the ages of 18 to 25. Participants completed a series of self-report surveys assessing social withdrawal and indices of well-being. Results showed that unsociable emerging adults reported significantly greater happiness, satisfaction with their lives, social support, and self-worth than both shy and avoidant emerging adults. Social withdrawal is largely viewed as detrimental to psychosocial functioning; however, these findings show that unsociability might not pose the same risk to emerging adults’ well-being as shyness or avoidance. Indicators of well-being among unsociable emerging adults did not significantly differ from their more sociable counterparts, suggesting there may be an upside to social withdrawal for unsociable individuals.

Suggested Citation

  • Leanna M. Closson & Alicia M. McVarnock & Laura E. Cook, 2022. "Is there an Upside to Social Withdrawal? Considering Well-Being among Socially Withdrawn Emerging Adults," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 17(5), pages 3131-3149, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ariqol:v:17:y:2022:i:5:d:10.1007_s11482-022-10056-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s11482-022-10056-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sonja Lyubomirsky & Heidi Lepper, 1999. "A Measure of Subjective Happiness: Preliminary Reliability and Construct Validation," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 137-155, February.
    2. Brian O’Connor & Maxine Crawford & Mark Holder, 2015. "An Item Response Theory Analysis of the Subjective Happiness Scale," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 124(1), pages 249-258, October.
    3. M. Pilar Matud & Marisela López-Curbelo & Demelza Fortes, 2019. "Gender and Psychological Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-11, September.
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