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Czynniki makroekonomiczne a spłacalność kredytów konsumpcyjnych

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  • Marcin Sztaudynger

Abstract

Celem badań przedstawionych w artykule jest kwantyfikacja i hierarchizacja wpływu czynników makroekonomicznych na ryzyko zaniechania spłaty kredytu konsumpcyjnego. W analizach wykorzystano dane o średnim poziomie agregacji, które opisywały portfel kredytów konsumpcyjnych jednego z głównych banków komercyjnych w Polsce (w latach 2004–2016). Próba obejmuje ponad 10 tys. obserwacji, charakteryzujących kohorty kredytów uruchamianych w kolejnych miesiącach. Wykorzystano modele danych panelowych. Wyizolowano wpływ sytuacji makroekonomicznej spośród innych kluczowych czynników determinujących ryzyko kredytowe (to jest historycznych zmian polityki kredytowej banku i naturalnego cyklu dojrzewania portfela). Wyniki potwierdziły związek sytuacji gospodarczej, reprezentowanej w modelu przez stopę bezrobocia i produkcję przemysłową, z ryzykiem kredytowym. Wzrostowi stopy bezrobocia towarzyszy większa częstotliwość przypadków zaniechania spłaty, a przyspieszeniu dynamiki produkcji przemysłowej – mniejsza. Stwierdzono również występowanie opóźnień tej asocjacji sięgających 12 miesięcy. Nie został natomiast potwierdzony związek ze stopami procentowymi. Model wraz ogólnodostępnymi prognozami makroekonomicznymi lub scenariuszami stresowymi umożliwia dokładniejsze przewidywanie skali pogorszenia jakości portfela w okresie dekoniunktury, a także formułowanie rekomendacji w zakresie polityki kredytowej, zwłaszcza granicznych poziomów akceptowanego prawdopodobieństwa zaniechania spłaty w różnych fazach cyklu koniunkturalnego.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcin Sztaudynger, 2018. "Czynniki makroekonomiczne a spłacalność kredytów konsumpcyjnych," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 155-177.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2018:i:4:p:155-177
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    ryzyko kredytowe; czynniki makroekonomiczne; bankowość; dane panelowe;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models; Switching Regression Models; Threshold Regression Models
    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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