IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/seb/journl/v18y2020i2p217-239.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and Remittances Received in Africa: Any Lessons for Covid-19?

Author

Listed:
  • Emeka Okoro Akpa

    (Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria)

  • Segun Subair Awode

    (Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Nigeria)

  • Andy Titus Okwu

    (Babcock University, Nigeria)

  • Isiaq Olasunkanmi Oseni

    (Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria)

Abstract

We estimated the effect of the GFC on remittances into 8 SSA countries from 1999 to 2019 using the Fixed Effects (FE) model. Results showed that the GFC had a positive and significant effect on remittances. Per capita income of migrant home country exerted a negative but insignificant effect on remittances, while per capita income in remittance source country had a positive and significant effect; the effects of exchange rate and inflation on remittances were positive and negative, respectively, but insignificant. Findings showed the effect of the GFC on remittances is robust to remittance measures and large country sample size.

Suggested Citation

  • Emeka Okoro Akpa & Segun Subair Awode & Andy Titus Okwu & Isiaq Olasunkanmi Oseni, 2020. "The Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and Remittances Received in Africa: Any Lessons for Covid-19?," South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, Association of Economic Universities of South and Eastern Europe and the Black Sea Region, vol. 18(2), pages 217-239.
    • Handle: RePEc:seb:journl:v:18:y:2020:i:2:p:217-239
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.asecu.gr/Seeje/issue35/issue35-akpa-awode-okwu-oseni.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wim Naudé & Henri Bezuidenhout, 2014. "Migrant Remittances Provide Resilience Against Disasters in Africa," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 42(1), pages 79-90, March.
    2. Isabel Ruiz & Carlos Vargas-Silva, 2009. "Another Consequence of the Economic Crisis: A Decrease in Migrants’ Remittances," Working Papers 0907, Sam Houston State University, Department of Economics and International Business.
    3. Adams, Samuel & Klobodu, Edem Kwame Mensah, 2016. "Remittances, regime durability and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1-8.
    4. Akobeng, Eric, 2016. "Out of inequality and poverty: Evidence for the effectiveness of remittances in Sub-Saharan Africa," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 207-223.
    5. Ghorpade, Yashodhan, 2017. "Extending a Lifeline or Cutting Losses? The Effects of Conflict on Household Receipts of Remittances in Pakistan," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 230-252.
    6. Vacaflores, Diego E., 2018. "Are remittances helping lower poverty and inequality levels in Latin America?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 254-265.
    7. Adams, Richard H. & Cuecuecha, Alfredo, 2013. "The Impact of Remittances on Investment and Poverty in Ghana," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 24-40.
    8. Sobiech, Izabela, 2019. "Remittances, finance and growth: Does financial development foster the impact of remittances on economic growth?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 44-59.
    9. Pacific K. T. Yapatake, 2017. "The Slow growth of Foreign Direct Investment in Central African Republic," CEREDEC Working Papers 17/001, Centre de Recherche pour le Développement Economique (CEREDEC).
    10. Díaz, Violeta & Soydemir, Gökçe, 2013. "Regional foreclosures and Mexican remittances: Evidence from the housing market crisis," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 74-86.
    11. Gian-Maria Milesi-Ferretti & Cédric Tille, 2011. "The great retrenchment: international capital flows during the global financial crisis [‘The great trade collapse: what caused it and what does it mean?’]," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 26(66), pages 289-346.
    12. Inoue, Takeshi, 2018. "Financial development, remittances, and poverty reduction: Empirical evidence from a macroeconomic viewpoint," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 59-68.
    13. S. Irudaya Rajan & D. Narayana & Ratnakar Adhikari & Puspa Sharma & Paras Kharel, 2012. "The financial crisis in the Gulf and its impact on South Asian migration and remittances," Regional Economic Integration: Challenges for South Asia during turbulent times (Edited volume), in: Saman Kelegama (ed.), Regional Economic Integration : Challenges for South Asia during turbulent times (Edited volume), edition 1, volume 1, chapter 9, pages 117-186, South Asia Watch on Trade, Economics and Environment.
    14. Thankom Arun & Hulya Ulku, 2011. "Determinants of Remittances: The Case of the South Asian Community in Manchester," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(6), pages 894-912.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tito Ondo Ela-Medja & Pilar Alberca, 2023. "Efficiency and Competitiveness of the Equatorial Guinean Financial Sector," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-21, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Acheampong, Alex O. & Appiah-Otoo, Isaac & Dzator, Janet & Agyemang, Kwabena Koforobour, 2021. "Remittances, financial development and poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for post-COVID-19 macroeconomic policies," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 43(6), pages 1365-1387.
    2. Imad El Hamma, 2018. "Migrant Remittances and Economic Growth: The Role of Financial Development and Institutional Quality," Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), issue 503-504, pages 123-142.
    3. El Hamma Imad, 2017. "Do political institutions improve the effect of remittances on economic growth? Evidence South-Mediterranean countries," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(3), pages 2133-2148.
    4. Mercy. T. Musakwa & N. M. Odhiambo, 2020. "Remittance Inflows and Poverty Dynamics in South Africa: An Empirical Investigation," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(4), pages 21582440209, December.
    5. Imad El Hamma, 2017. "Do political institutions improve the effect of remittances on economic growth? Evidence from South-Mediterranean countries," Post-Print halshs-01655347, HAL.
    6. Wadad Saad & Hassan Ayoub, 2019. "Remittances, Governance and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from MENA Region," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(8), pages 1-1, August.
    7. Imad El Hamma, 2016. "Linking Remittances with Financial Development and Institutions: A Study from Selected MENA Countries," GREDEG Working Papers 2016-38, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.
    8. Waliu O. Shittu & Gazi M. Hassan & Frank G. Scrimgeour, 2023. "COVID-19 and the Role of Remittances on Sustainable Development: Insights from Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers in Economics 23/05, University of Waikato.
    9. Peter Nderitu GITHAIGA, 2019. "Foreign Remittances, Private Sector Investment and Banking Sector Development," Journal of Economics and Financial Analysis, Tripal Publishing House, vol. 3(2), pages 85-112.
    10. E. M. Ekanayake & Carlos Moslares, 2020. "Do Remittances Promote Economic Growth and Reduce Poverty? Evidence from Latin American Countries," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-26, May.
    11. Rezwana Rahman & Nurun Naher Moni, 2019. "Impact of International Remittances on Poverty in Bangladesh: Evidence from the Household Data," Remittances Review, Remittances Review, vol. 4(1), pages 41-66, May.
    12. Hajer Habib, 2023. "Remittances and Labor Supply: Evidence from Tunisia," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(2), pages 1870-1899, June.
    13. Thanh Dinh Su & Canh Phuc Nguyen, 2022. "Foreign financial flows, human capital and economic growth in African developing countries," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(3), pages 3010-3031, July.
    14. Julia Bersch & Jean François Clevy & Naseem Muhammad & Mrs. Esther Perez Ruiz & Mr. Yorbol Yakhshilikov, 2021. "Fintech Potential for Remittance Transfers: A Central America Perspective," IMF Working Papers 2021/175, International Monetary Fund.
    15. Hrushikesh Mallick & Mantu Kumar Mahalik & Hemachandra Padhan, 2020. "Does globalization exacerbate income inequality in two largest emerging economies? The role of FDI and remittances inflows," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 67(4), pages 443-480, December.
    16. Megbowon Ebenezer T. & Mukarumbwa Peter & Ojo Oloruntimilehin S. & Ojeyinka Titus A., 2023. "Does Urbanization Matter For Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: An Empirical Evidence From Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Estimation," Studia Universitatis „Vasile Goldis” Arad – Economics Series, Sciendo, vol. 33(3), pages 1-20, September.
    17. Ait Benhamou, Zouhair & Cassin, Lesly, 2021. "The impact of remittances on savings, capital and economic growth in small emerging countries," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 789-803.
    18. Yoshino, Naoyuki & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad & Otsuka, Miyu, 2020. "Determinants of international remittance inflow in Asia-Pacific middle-income countries," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 29-43.
    19. Mitra, Aniruddha & Bang, James T. & Abbas, Faisal, 2021. "Do remittances reduce women’s acceptance of domestic violence? Evidence from Pakistan," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    20. Anca Mehedintu & Georgeta Soava & Mihaela Sterpu, 2019. "Remittances, Migration and Gross Domestic Product from Romania’s Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-19, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Global Financial Crisis; Remittances; COVID-19; Fixed Effects; Panel Data;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F24 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Remittances
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:seb:journl:v:18:y:2020:i:2:p:217-239. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ms. Melina Petromelidou (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/asecuea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.