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Correcting for On-Site Visitor Sampling Bias When Estimating the Regional Economic Effects of Tourism

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  • John Loomis

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the importance of correcting for trip frequency bias in on-site samples of visitors when estimating regional economic effects associated with outdoor recreation. Because visitors taking more trips are more likely to be intercepted during on-site exit interviews than those taking fewer trips, it is important to correct for this bias when estimating total trips, calculating average expenditures and when calculating total local income and employment using input–output models. The paper presents methods for correcting for trip frequency bias in estimates of the number of trips, length of stay bias in visitor day estimates, as well as the resulting bias in visitor expenditures. In the empirical example of rafting trips on the Snake River in Wyoming, correcting for trip frequency and length of stay reduced by half total jobs and total income associated with recreation. Correcting average expenditures for trip frequency bias further reduced jobs and income by an additional 14%.

Suggested Citation

  • John Loomis, 2007. "Correcting for On-Site Visitor Sampling Bias When Estimating the Regional Economic Effects of Tourism," Tourism Economics, , vol. 13(1), pages 41-47, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:toueco:v:13:y:2007:i:1:p:41-47
    DOI: 10.5367/000000007779784506
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    1. Bergstrom, John C. & Cordell, H. Ken & Watson, Alan E. & Ashley, Gregory A., 1990. "Economic Impacts of State Parks on State Economies in the South," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 22(2), pages 69-77, December.
    2. Trevor Mules, 2005. "Economic Impacts of National Park Tourism on Gateway Communities: The Case of Kosciuszko National Park," Tourism Economics, , vol. 11(2), pages 247-259, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jen D. Snowball, 2013. "The economic, social and cultural impact of cultural heritage: methods and examples," Chapters, in: Ilde Rizzo & Anna Mignosa (ed.), Handbook on the Economics of Cultural Heritage, chapter 22, pages i-i, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Peng, Marcus & Oleson, Kirsten L.L., 2017. "Beach Recreationalists' Willingness to Pay and Economic Implications of Coastal Water Quality Problems in Hawaii," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 41-52.
    3. Rob Southwick & John Bergstrom & Clint Wall, 2009. "The Economic Contributions of Human-Powered Outdoor Recreation to the US Economy," Tourism Economics, , vol. 15(4), pages 709-733, December.
    4. Ya-Yen Sun & Kam-Fai Wong & Hsien-Chung Lai, 2010. "Statistical Properties and Survey Design of Visitor Spending Using Segmentation," Tourism Economics, , vol. 16(4), pages 807-832, December.
    5. Eric Beckman & Mark Traynor, 2019. "Utilizing trade market analysis to identify the economic impact of a multiday special event in Miami Beach, Florida," Tourism Economics, , vol. 25(2), pages 253-273, March.

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