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The Determinants of Efficiency and Solvency in Savings and Loans

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Author Info
Benjamin E. Hermalin
Nancy E. Wallace

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Abstract

We study the efficiency and solvency of savings and loans institutions (thrifts). Thrifts that were inefficient (according to a nonparametric measure) were 4 1/2 times more likely than efficient thrifts to fail in the future. We also find that absent controls for lines of business pursued, stock institutions were both less efficient and more likely to fail than mutuals. With controls, these results are reversed. A consistent explanation is that stock institutions are better at resolving the standard agency conflict between owners and managers, but worse at resolving the "asset-substitution" conflict between shareholders and debtholders (depositors). Last, we find that some lines of business deregulated by the Garn-St. Germain Act adversely affected efficiency and solvency.

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File URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0741-6261%28199423%2925%3A3%3C361%3ATDOEAS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8&origin=repec
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Publisher Info
Article provided by The RAND Corporation in its journal RAND Journal of Economics.

Volume (Year): 25 (1994)
Issue (Month): 3 (Autumn)
Pages: 361-381
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Handle: RePEc:rje:randje:v:25:y:1994:i:autumn:p:361-381

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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)
  1. Styrin Konstantin, 2005. "What Explains Differences in Efficiency Across Russian Banks?," EERC Working Paper Series 01-258e-1, EERC Research Network, Russia and CIS. [Downloadable!]
  2. Goodhue, Rachael E. & Rausser, Gordon C. & Simon, Leo K., 1998. "Understanding Production Contracts: Testing An Agency Theory Model," 1998 Annual meeting, August 2-5, Salt Lake City, UT 20946, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association). [Downloadable!]
  3. Rebel A. Cole & Hamid Mehran, 1996. "The effect of changes in ownership structure on performance: evidence from the thrift industry," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 96-6, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Allen N. Berger & Loretta J. Mester, 1997. "Inside the Black Box: What Explains Differences in the Efficiencies of Financial Institutions?," Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers 97-04, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Donald Vitaliano & Gregory Stella, 2006. "The cost of Corporate Social Responsibility: the case of the Community Reinvestment Act," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 26(3), pages 235-244, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  6. Benjamin E. Hermalin & Andrew K. Rose, 1999. "Risks to Lenders and Borrowers in International Capital Markets," NBER Working Papers 6886, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  7. Paula A. Tkac, 2004. "Mutual funds: temporary problem or permanent morass?," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, issue Q 4, pages 1-21. [Downloadable!]
  8. Zaghla, Abdessalem & Boujelbene, Younes, 2008. "Les Facteurs Explicatifs d'Efficience-X Dans Les Banques Tunisiennes : Une Approche De Frontière Stochastique
    [Explanatory Factors of X-Efficiency In The Tunisian Banks: A Stochastic Frontier Appr    ," MPRA Paper 12437, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  9. Leslie Eldenburg & Benjamin E. Hermalin & Michael S. Weisbach & Marta Wosinska, 2001. "Hospital Governance, Performance Objectives, and Organizational Form," NBER Working Papers 8201, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Ekaterina Emm & Jayant Kale, 2006. "Efficiency Implications of Corporate Diversification: Evidence from Micro Data," Working Papers 06-26, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. [Downloadable!]
  11. Paul W. Bauer & Allen N. Berger & Gary D. Ferrier & David B. Humphrey, 1997. "Consistency conditions for regulatory analysis of financial institutions: a comparison of frontier efficiency methods," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 1997-50, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  12. Styrin Konstantin, 2005. "X-inefficiency, Moral Hazard, and Bank Failures," EERC Working Paper Series 01-258e-2, EERC Research Network, Russia and CIS. [Downloadable!]
  13. Patricia Born & William M. Gentry & W. Kip Viscusi & Richard J. Zeckhauser, 1995. "Organizational Form and Insurance Company Performance: Stocks versus Mutuals," NBER Working Papers 5246, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  14. J. David Cummins & Mary A. Weiss, 1998. "Analyzing Firm Performance in the Insurance Industry Using Frontier Efficiency Methods," Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers 98-22, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania. [Downloadable!]
  15. Brian Wu & Anne Marie Knott, 2005. "Entrepreneurial Risk and Market Entry," The Office of Advocacy Small Business Working Papers 05bwmk, U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy. [Downloadable!]
  16. Paul W. Bauer & Allen N. Berger & Gary D. Ferrier & David B. Humphrey, 1997. "Consistency conditions for regulatory analysis of financial institutions: a comparison of frontier efficiency methods," Financial Services working paper 97-02, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. [Downloadable!]
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