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Entreprise et emploi dans une économie de partage

Author

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  • Félix Fitzroy
  • Daniel Vaughan-Whitehead

Abstract

[eng] This paper is intended to discuss and test some of the principal theoretical arguments for profit-sharing. We outline here a rigorous theoretical foundation for microeconomic motivating effects of profit related pay. The empirical results confirm this theory of cooperation and give clear evidence of the role of profit-sharing and worker share ownership in explaining some variations of productivity and profitability in medium-sized metal working firms in West Germany. On the other hand, there is a lack of empirical evidence for the macroeconomic effects of profit-sharing on employment and stagflation : work- sharing or variation of hours per worker (and not profit-sharing) seems to represent the main reason for low unemployment in Japan. Furthermore, these wage flexibility benefits of a share economy depend upon explicitly overcoming the resistance of workers and unions to initial pay cuts (for Weitz- mans'model) or inequal pay for similar work (Meade's model). Only in this (quite unrealistic) case, could wage cuts, or two-tier systems in a share economy, together with work sharing and appropriate government policy, presumably solve the problems of unemployment and stagflation. [fre] Cet article a pour objet d'analyser et tester les principaux arguments théoriques avancés en faveur du sharing. Nous présentons des théoriques solides et rigoureuses effets micro-économiques de motivation d'un partage des bénéfices. résultats empiriques confirment théorie de la coopération et font apparaître le rôle que jouent partage profits et actionnariat des salariés plan de la productivité et de la rentabilité du capital au sein d'entreprises taille moyenne de l'industrie métallurgique allemande. A l'inverse, il n'existe ainsi dire pas d'évidence empirique ce qui concerne les effets macroéconomiques du profit-sharing l'emploi et la stagflation ; c'est par ailleurs un système de partage du et non pas des bénéfices qui semble à l'origine du faible taux du au Japon. En outre, les bénéfices de flexibilité salariale qui résulteraient économie de partage, dépendent principalement de l'acceptation de la part salariés et syndicats d'une réduction initiale des salaires (dans le modèle Weitzman) ou de rémunérations inégales pour un même travail (dans celui Meade). Ce n'est que dans ce cas figure (pourtant irréaliste) système de partage des profits conjugué à un système de partage temps de travail et sous les auspices mesures gouvernementales quelques chances de résoudre les problèmes de chômage et de stagflation.

Suggested Citation

  • Félix Fitzroy & Daniel Vaughan-Whitehead, 1988. "Entreprise et emploi dans une économie de partage," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 3(1), pages 21-50.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1988_num_3_1_1167
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1988.1167
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1988.1167
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    Cited by:

    1. Patrick Artus & François Legendre & Pierre Morin, 1989. "Le partage du profit incite-t-il à travailler plus ?," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 87(1), pages 105-111.
    2. André Zylberberg, 1990. "Salaires et emploi dans une économie de partage," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 92(1), pages 153-160.
    3. Pierre Cahuc & Brigitte Dormont, 1992. "L'intéressement en France : allégement du coût salarial ou incitation à l'effort ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 257(1), pages 35-44.

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