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Coordination des politiques économiques en Europe

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  • Laurence Boone

Abstract

[fre] La crise financière de 2008, la crise économique qui a suivi et la crise de la dette souveraine dans la zone euro créent une obligation de réforme de la gouvernance économique en zone euro. À la naissance de l’euro, une coordination véritable des politiques économiques a été écartée : le choix a été fait de mettre en place un système de garde-fous contre des comportements individuels qui nuiraient à la stabilité de la zone. Ce système a montré ses limites et dans l’urgence, les pays de la zone ont réformé le cadre de politique économique de l’union monétaire. Il est indéniable que les gouvernements de la zone euro ont progressé dans la gouvernance économique. Les règles sont renforcées et surtout l’appropriation des contraintes européennes au niveau national devrait accroître le respect des règles. Néanmoins le choix assumé d’une décentralisation forte des politiques économiques porte des faiblesses. Celles-ci sont notamment une moindre transparence au niveau européen et une évaluation plus limitée des risques. En outre, le refus de permettre à la Banque centrale d’établir une distinction entre les dettes souveraines nuit à la solidité de son indépendance. La solidification de l’édifice européen passe par une délégation de l’évaluation des actions nationales par une entité commune européenne, indépendante ; la publicité de ses évaluations renforcerait le pouvoir de discipline, naturellement régulateur, du marché. . Classification JEL : F33, F36. [eng] Coordinating Economic Policies in Europe.. The 2008 financial crisis, the ensuing economic crisis, and the euro zone sovereign debt crisis make reform of economic governance in the euro zone a necessity. When the euro was created, it was decided to not fully coordinate economic policies – instead the decision was made to set up a system of safeguards against national behavior that would be detrimental to the zone’s stability. This system showed its limitations and, faced with an emergency, the zone’s nations have reformed the framework of the monetary union’s economic policy. It is indisputable that euro zone governments have made progress in their economic governance. The rules have been strengthened and especially the acceptance on a national level of European constraints should lead to countries better following the rules. Nevertheless, the conscious choice of largely decentralizing economic policy raises problems, in particular less transparency on a European level and making it more difficult to evaluate risk. Moreover, the refusal to allow the central bank distinguish between sovereign debts detracts from the robustness of its independence. Reinforcing the European system requires delegating the evaluation of its national actions to a common, independent European body. Making these evaluations public would strengthen the market’s disciplinary power, which is naturally regulatory. . Classification JEL : F33, F36.

Suggested Citation

  • Laurence Boone, 2011. "Coordination des politiques économiques en Europe," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 103(3), pages 257-273.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_2011_num_103_3_5884
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    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/ecofi_0987-3368_2011_num_103_3_5884
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    Cited by:

    1. Matthieu Bussière & Bruno Cabrillac & Françoise Drumetz & Véronique Genre & Rémy Lecat & Baptiste Meunier, 2018. "The role of international organisations in the monitoring and coordination of structural reforms [Le rôle des instances internationales dans le suivi et la coordination des réformes structurelles]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 220.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration

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