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Inequity of healthcare utilization on mammography examination and Pap smear screening in Thailand: Analysis of a population-based household survey

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  • Sukanya Chongthawonsatid

Abstract

Healthcare in Thailand is not equally distributed, and not all people can equally access healthcare resources even if they are covered by health insurance. To examine factors associated with the utilization of mammography examination for breast cancer and Pap smear screening for cervical cancer, data from the national reproductive health survey conducted by the National Statistical Office of Thailand in 2009 was examined. The survey was carried out on 15,074,126 women aged 30–59 years. The results showed that the wealthier respondents had more mammograms than did the lower-income groups. The concentration index was 0.144. The data on Pap smears for cervical cancer also showed that the wealthier respondents were more likely to have had a Pap smear than their lower-income counterparts. The concentration index was 0.054. Determinants of mammography examination were education, followed by health welfare and wealth index, whereas the determinants of Pap smear screening were wealth index, followed by health welfare and education. The government should support greater education for women because education was associated with socioeconomic status and wealth. There should be an increase in the number of screening campaigns, mobile clinics, and low-cost mammograms and continued support for accessibility to mammograms, especially in rural areas and low-income communities.

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  • Sukanya Chongthawonsatid, 2017. "Inequity of healthcare utilization on mammography examination and Pap smear screening in Thailand: Analysis of a population-based household survey," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(3), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0173656
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173656
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    1. Owen O'Donnell & Eddy van Doorslaer & Adam Wagstaff & Magnus Lindelow, 2008. "Analyzing Health Equity Using Household Survey Data : A Guide to Techniques and Their Implementation," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 6896, December.
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    1. Stéphanie Baggio & Marc Dupuis & Hans Wolff & Patrick Bodenmann, 2018. "Associations of lack of voluntary private insurance and out-of-pocket expenditures with health inequalities. Evidence from an international longitudinal survey in countries with universal health cover," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(10), pages 1-13, October.
    2. Manzano, Andrea & Hofmarcher, Thomas, 2023. "Improving outcomes for women with triple-negative breast cancer in Asia-Pacific," IHE Report / IHE Rapport 2023:3, IHE - The Swedish Institute for Health Economics.
    3. Brandon Chua & Viva Ma & Caitlin Asjes & Ashley Lim & Mahsa Mohseni & Hwee Lin Wee, 2021. "Barriers to and Facilitators of Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-23, April.

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