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Mapping the pathways of photo-induced ion migration in organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites

Author

Listed:
  • Taeyong Kim

    (University of California
    Seoul National University)

  • Soyeon Park

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)

  • Vasudevan Iyer

    (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

  • Basamat Shaheen

    (University of California)

  • Usama Choudhry

    (University of California)

  • Qi Jiang

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)

  • Gage Eichman

    (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

  • Ryan Gnabasik

    (University of California)

  • Kyle Kelley

    (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

  • Benjamin Lawrie

    (Oak Ridge National Laboratory
    Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

  • Kai Zhu

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)

  • Bolin Liao

    (University of California)

Abstract

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites exhibiting exceptional photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties are of fundamental and practical interest, owing to their tunability and low manufacturing cost. For practical applications, however, challenges such as material instability and the photocurrent hysteresis occurring in perovskite solar cells under light exposure need to be understood and addressed. While extensive investigations have suggested that ion migration is a plausible origin of these detrimental effects, detailed understanding of the ion migration pathways remains elusive. Here, we report the characterization of photo-induced ion migration in perovskites using in situ laser illumination inside a scanning electron microscope, coupled with secondary electron imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and cathodoluminescence with varying primary electron energies. Using methylammonium lead iodide and formamidinium lead iodide as model systems, we observed photo-induced long-range migration of halide ions over hundreds of micrometers and elucidated the transport pathways of various ions both near the surface and inside the bulk of the samples, including a surprising finding of the vertical migration of lead ions. Our study provides insights into ion migration processes in perovskites that can aid perovskite material design and processing in future applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Taeyong Kim & Soyeon Park & Vasudevan Iyer & Basamat Shaheen & Usama Choudhry & Qi Jiang & Gage Eichman & Ryan Gnabasik & Kyle Kelley & Benjamin Lawrie & Kai Zhu & Bolin Liao, 2023. "Mapping the pathways of photo-induced ion migration in organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-37486-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37486-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Julian Burschka & Norman Pellet & Soo-Jin Moon & Robin Humphry-Baker & Peng Gao & Mohammad K. Nazeeruddin & Michael Grätzel, 2013. "Sequential deposition as a route to high-performance perovskite-sensitized solar cells," Nature, Nature, vol. 499(7458), pages 316-319, July.
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