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The moderating role of IPR on the relationship between country-level R&D and individual-level entrepreneurial performance

Author

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  • André Stel

    (Trinity College Dublin
    Kozminski University)

  • Serhiy Lyalkov

    (International University of Andalusia)

  • Ana Millán

    (Pablo de Olavide University)

  • José María Millán

    (University of Huelva)

Abstract

Using recent data drawn from the European Working Conditions Survey for 32 European countries, we explore the relationship between country-level expenditures on R&D, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), and individual-level entrepreneurial performance as measured by earnings. Our results show that both R&D expenditures and IPR are positively associated with earnings (and hence the quality) of individual entrepreneurs. However, we also find an intriguing moderation effect in the sense that IPR reduces the positive relationship between country R&D and entrepreneurial earnings. This suggests that too strict IPR legislation may hamper the diffusion of knowledge created by R&D. Hence, governments need to carefully consider the level of IPR they want to install, especially in countries with high R&D expenditures.

Suggested Citation

  • André Stel & Serhiy Lyalkov & Ana Millán & José María Millán, 2019. "The moderating role of IPR on the relationship between country-level R&D and individual-level entrepreneurial performance," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 44(5), pages 1427-1450, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jtecht:v:44:y:2019:i:5:d:10.1007_s10961-019-09731-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s10961-019-09731-2
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    3. Sharma, Abhijit & Sousa, Cristina & Woodward, Richard, 2022. "Determinants of innovation outcomes: The role of institutional quality," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    4. Maribel Guerrero & Francisco Liñán & F. Rafael Cáceres-Carrasco, 2021. "The influence of ecosystems on the entrepreneurship process: a comparison across developed and developing economies," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(4), pages 1733-1759, December.

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