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Is there a trade-off between financial performance and outreach in south asian Microfinance institutions?

Author

Listed:
  • Sanju Adhikary
  • George Papachristou

    (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece)

Abstract

Falling government and donor funding, which has traditionally supported microfinance, is followed by an expansion of financially self-sustainable Microfinance Institutions (MFIs). This development has raised the concern as to whether the social goals of traditional microfinance would be equally well served in the new environment in as much as financial performance and outreach compete with each other. In this paper, we empirically examine this relation between financial performance and outreach of MFIs in a panel of South Asian countries from 2003 to 2009 using random effects modeling and general method of moments (GMM) estimation. We find that: (a) breadth and depth of outreach are positively associated to profitability and efficiency, and (b) depth in contrast to breadth mitigates risks. Overall, our findings do not confirm a statistically significant negative relation between financial performance and outreach goals, suggesting that a financially sustainable microfinance expansion can achieve its social goals at an acceptable credit risk level.

Suggested Citation

  • Sanju Adhikary & George Papachristou, 2014. "Is there a trade-off between financial performance and outreach in south asian Microfinance institutions?," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 48(4), pages 381-402, October-D.
    • Handle: RePEc:jda:journl:vol.48:year:2014:issue4:pp:381-402
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    Cited by:

    1. Md Aslam Mia & Sunil Sangwan & A. H. M. Belayeth Hussain & Nurhafiza Abdul Kader Malim, 2022. "Rural–urban financial inclusion: Implications on the cost sustainability of microfinance lenders," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(6), pages 1899-1911, September.
    2. Mohamed Adaskou & Hssoune Abdelkarim, 2021. "Determinants of the financial viability of Moroccan microcredit associations: An analysis by panel data [Les déterminants de la viabilité financière des associations de microcrédit marocaines : Une," Post-Print hal-04232431, HAL.
    3. Alier Maker Ghai Duk, 2020. "Determinants of Microfinance Sustainability and Outreach to the Poor: Evidence from Microfinance Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa," International Journal of Science and Business, IJSAB International, vol. 4(6), pages 21-43.
    4. Sefa Awaworyi Churchill, 2020. "Microfinance financial sustainability and outreach: is there a trade-off?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 59(3), pages 1329-1350, September.
    5. Ahmad, Syedah & Lensink, Robert & Mueller, Annika, 2020. "The double bottom line of microfinance: A global comparison between conventional and Islamic microfinance," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    6. Md Aslam Mia & V. G. R. Chandran, 2016. "Measuring Financial and Social Outreach Productivity of Microfinance Institutions in Bangladesh," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 127(2), pages 505-527, June.
    7. Mohammad Aslam & Senthil Kumar & Shahryar Sorooshian, 2019. "Social Versus Financial Performance of Microfinance: Bangladesh Perspective," Research in World Economy, Research in World Economy, Sciedu Press, vol. 10(3), pages 263-272, December.
    8. Van Duong Ha, 2019. "The Interactive and Causal Relationship between Productivity and Profitability of Vietnams Formal Microfinance Institutions," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 9(10), pages 1160-1170, October.
    9. Isabel Sainz-Fernandez & Begoña Torre-Olmo & Carlos López-Gutiérrez & Sergio Sanfilippo-Azofra, 2018. "Development of the Financial Sector and Growth of Microfinance Institutions: The Moderating Effect of Economic Growth," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-16, October.
    10. Ashim Kumar Kar & Ranjula Bali Swain, 2018. "Competition, Performance and Portfolio Quality in Microfinance Markets," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 30(5), pages 842-870, December.
    11. Jiali Jenna Tang & Shakil Quayes & George Joseph, 2020. "Microfinance institutions, financial intermediation and the role of deposits," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 60(2), pages 1635-1672, June.
    12. Amidou Ayinla Akangbe Fadikpe & Richard Danquah & Mohammed Aidoo & Dejene Adugna Chomen & Richard Yankey & Xie Dongmei, 2022. "Linkages between social and financial performance: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa microfinance institutions," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(3), pages 1-23, March.
    13. Niels Hermes & Marek Hudon, 2018. "Determinants Of The Performance Of Microfinance Institutions: A Systematic Review," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(5), pages 1483-1513, December.
    14. Hailu Abebe Wondirad, 2020. "Competition and microfinance institutions’ performance: evidence from India," International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 1-19, December.
    15. Namrata Gupta & Anita Mirchandani, 2020. "Corporate governance and performance of microfinance institutions: recent global evidences," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 24(2), pages 307-326, June.
    16. Sanfilippo-Azofra, Sergio & Torre-Olmo, Begoña & Cantero-Saiz, María, 2019. "Microfinance institutions and the bank lending channel in Asia and Latin America," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 19-32.
    17. Syed Mohsin & Malik Fahim Bashir & Yasir Bin Tariq, 2018. "Outreach and Performance Analysis of Microfinance Banks in Pakistan," Business & Economic Review, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan, vol. 10(3), pages 21-40, September.
    18. Hermes, Cornelis & Hudon, M., 2018. "Determinants of the Performance of Microfinance Institutions: A Systematic Review," Research Report 2018008, University of Groningen, Research Institute SOM (Systems, Organisations and Management).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Microfinance Institutions; Outreach; Efficiency; Profitability; Credit Risk;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
    • O53 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Asia including Middle East

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