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Plastic Deformation Characteristics and Calculation Models of Unbound Granular Materials under Repeated Load and Water Infiltration

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  • Ning Li

    (Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Road Structure and Material, Research Institute of Highway, Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China
    School of Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
    Engineering Research Center of Green Construction & Smart Maintenance of Urban Infrastructure, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710055, China)

  • Xueyan Zhou

    (School of Modern Post, Xi’an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi’an 710061, China)

  • Dongxia Hu

    (School of Road and Bridge Engineering, Xinjiang Vocational and Technical College of Communication, Urumchi 83140, China)

  • Jie Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Road Structure and Material, Research Institute of Highway, Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China)

Abstract

Unbound granular materials (UGMs) have advantages in their water storage and drainage capabilities in permeable pavement, which is a benefit for urban sustainable development. The plastic strain of UGM is a crucial mechanical property that affects its design and construction. During its service life, repeated load only, repeated load after infiltration, and simultaneous action with load and infiltration are the three inevitable working conditions that will impact plastic strain, especially dynamic water infiltration. How these working conditions influence plastic strain needs to be focused on and solved. This study conducted laboratory tests to investigate plastic strain considering factors such as loading strength and repetitions, as well as infiltration number and duration. The results showed that the plastic strain and plastic strain rate exhibited similar variations during the repeated load only test and repeated load after infiltration test. The plastic strain changed significantly with different infiltration numbers but had relatively small variations in terms of the plastic strain rate. Longer infiltration duration led to greater plastic strain. With the simultaneous action, the plastic strain presented different variation to the other two conditions. The first and second infiltrations had a more obvious influence on the plastic strain when infiltration was applied. Calculation models were established to predict the effects of loading strength and repetitions as well as infiltration number and duration on plastic strains. For the repeated load only test, an error of 4.6% was observed. In terms of the infiltration number and duration, the errors were found to be 18.5% and 8.5%, respectively. The power function and Sigmoidal Logistic model were used to establish calculation models under the simultaneous action test with a maximum error of 11.5% ranging from 100 to 60,000 repetitions. The proposed calculation models can characterize plastic strain under the three working conditions very well, which can help in the design and construction of fully permeable pavement.

Suggested Citation

  • Ning Li & Xueyan Zhou & Dongxia Hu & Jie Wang, 2023. "Plastic Deformation Characteristics and Calculation Models of Unbound Granular Materials under Repeated Load and Water Infiltration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:19:p:14516-:d:1254271
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Santamouris, M., 2013. "Using cool pavements as a mitigation strategy to fight urban heat island—A review of the actual developments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 224-240.
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