IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i19p14054-d1245319.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Tutoring—An Emerging Phenomenon in the Romanian Education System

Author

Listed:
  • Oana Mariana Ciuchi

    (Department of Training for Teaching Career and Socio-Humanities Sciences, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

Abstract

This paper, without intending to be exhaustive, is a presentation of an increasingly prominent social reality: the tutoring of pupils, as a parallel educational activity complementary to the education system, as a form of non-formal education, or as an alternative option for students’ parents to support them in their social success. Our research aimed to identify the perception/opinions of the beneficiaries of these tutoring activities, in relation to the relevant aspects of such activities, such as the way they are organized and carried out, the type and motivational level of students participating in such activities, the real dimensions of the phenomenon as manifested in Romanian society, etc. In order to achieve the purpose of our research, a questionnaire, with open-ended and closed-ended questions, was given to a significant number of people bearing the title of student, who had completed high school studies only 1–4 years ago. Based on the research carried out, it was possible to identify a hierarchy of motivational factors that determine whether students resort to tutoring; the causes of the occurrence and expansion of this phenomenon; and the opinions of the beneficiaries of tutoring services towards the organization and conduct of these activities. At the end of the article, some measures are presented that could optimize the balance between formal and non-formal education in Romanian society.

Suggested Citation

  • Oana Mariana Ciuchi, 2023. "Tutoring—An Emerging Phenomenon in the Romanian Education System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:19:p:14054-:d:1245319
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/19/14054/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/19/14054/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhang, Yu, 2013. "Does private tutoring improve students’ National College Entrance Exam performance?—A case study from Jinan, China," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 1-28.
    2. Jin-Won Noh & Jinseok Kim & Jooyoung Cheon & Yejin Lee & Young Dae Kwon, 2020. "Relationships between Extra-School Tutoring Time, Somatic Symptoms, and Sleep Duration of Adolescent Students: A Panel Analysis Using Data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-9, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bray, Mark & Zhan, Shengli & Lykins, Chad & Wang, Dan & Kwo, Ora, 2014. "Differentiated demand for private supplementary tutoring: Patterns and implications in Hong Kong secondary education," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 24-37.
    2. Pallegedara, Asankha & Mottaleb, Khondoker Abdul, 2018. "Patterns and determinants of private tutoring: The case of Bangladesh households," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 43-50.
    3. Fan Li & Prashant Loyalka & Hongmei Yi & Yaojiang Shi & Natalie Johnson & Scott Rozelle, 2016. "Ability tracking and social capital in China's rural secondary school system," Working Papers of LICOS - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance 544339, KU Leuven, Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), LICOS - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance.
    4. Chen, Yuanyuan & Yuan, Meng & Zhang, Min, 2023. "Income inequality and educational expenditures on children: Evidence from the China Family Panel Studies," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    5. Bindong Sun & Rui Guo & Chun Yin, 2023. "Inequity on suburban campuses: University students disadvantaged in self‐improvement travel," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(2), pages 404-420, June.
    6. Zhang, Yu & Liu, Junyan, 2016. "The effectiveness of private tutoring in China with a focus on class-size," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 35-42.
    7. Aysit Tansel, 2013. "Supplementary Education in Turkey: Recent Developments and Future Prospectss," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1319, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
    8. I-Chien Chen & Ping-Yin Kuan, 2021. "The Heterogeneous Effects of Participation in Shadow Education on Mental Health of High School Students in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-18, January.
    9. Pablo Farías, 2020. "The Use of Fear versus Hope in Health Advertisements: The Moderating Role of Individual Characteristics on Subsequent Health Decisions in Chile," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-15, December.
    10. Yuhe Guo & Qihui Chen & Shengying Zhai & Chunchen Pei, 2020. "Does private tutoring improve student learning in China? Evidence from the China Education Panel Survey," Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 7(3), pages 322-343, September.
    11. Hideo Akabayashi & Hiroko Araki & Ryuichi Tanaka, 2018. "Effects of After-School Education Vouchers on Children's Academic and Behavioral Outcomes: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment," Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series 2018-020, Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University.
    12. M. Twyeafur Rahman & Loe Franssen & Hafiz T. A. Khan, 2020. "The Impact of After-School Programme on Student Achievement: Empirical Evidence from the ASA Education Programme in Bangladesh," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 32(3), pages 612-626, July.
    13. Hai-Anh H. Dang & F. Halsey Rogers, 2016. "The Decision to Invest in Child Quality over Quantity: Household Size and Household Investment in Education in Vietnam," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 30(1), pages 104-142.
    14. Maria Zumbuehl & Stefanie Hof & Stefan C. Wolter, 2020. "Private tutoring and academic achievement in a selective education system," Economics of Education Working Paper Series 0169, University of Zurich, Department of Business Administration (IBW), revised Oct 2022.
    15. Lu, Wei & Zhou, Sen & Wei, Yi, 2022. "Government policies and unintended consequences: Rising demand for private supplementary tutoring in China," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    16. Bo Lv & Lijie Lv, 2021. "Out-of-School Activities on Weekdays and Adolescent Adjustment in China: a Person-Centered Approach," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 14(2), pages 783-798, April.
    17. Bing Xu & Maxwell Pak, 2021. "Child-raising cost and fertility from a contest perspective," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 186(1), pages 9-28, January.
    18. Pan, Zheng & Lien, Donald & Wang, Hao, 2022. "Peer effects and shadow education," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    19. Yung, Kevin Wai-Ho, 2020. "Comparing the effectiveness of cram school tutors and schoolteachers: A critical analysis of students’ perceptions," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    20. Gamlath, Sharmila & Lahiri, Radhika, 2018. "Public and private education expenditures, variable elasticity of substitution and economic growth," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 1-14.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:19:p:14054-:d:1245319. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.