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Green Technology Innovation, Globalization, and CO 2 Emissions: Recent Insights from the OBOR Economies

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  • Ahmer Bilal

    (School of Economics, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China)

  • Xiaoping Li

    (School of Economics, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China)

  • Nanli Zhu

    (Business School, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China)

  • Ridhima Sharma

    (Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies, IP University, New Delhi 110034, India)

  • Atif Jahanger

    (School of Economics, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

Abstract

This study explores the connection between technological innovation, globalization, and CO 2 emissions by controlling the critical influence of information and communication technology (ICT) and economic growth in a panel of One Belt One Road (OBOR) countries from 1991 to 2019, utilizing advanced and robust econometric strategies (second generation). In addition, this study also uses an interaction variable (TI*GLOB) to check the interaction role of technological innovation on the linkage between globalization and CO 2 emission, besides their direct effect on CO 2 emissions in OBOR countries. The outcomes revealed that the linkage between technological innovation and CO 2 emissions is negative, and statically significant in all the regions (e.g., OBOR, South Asia, East and Southeast Asia, MENA, Europe, and Central Asia). Moreover, the results of globalization show a significant positive relationship with CO 2 emissions in OBOR and South Asia region. Nevertheless, it significantly negatively affects environmental pollution in East and Southeast Asia, MENA, Europe, and Central Asia. The results of TI*GLOB indicate that, for the OBOR sample, East and Southeast Asia, and Central Asia, the moderation effects of technological innovation with globalization are significantly negatively associated with CO 2 emissions. However, in MENA and Europe, the interaction effect is a significant positive. The coefficient of ICT for OBOR, Europe, and Central Asia are positive and statistically significant; however, for East, Southeast Asia, and MENA regions, these results are statistically negative. Furthermore, the findings are robust, according to various robustness checks that we have performed for checking the reliability of our main findings. The study establishes numerous polities and makes various recommendations, in light of relevant conclusions.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmer Bilal & Xiaoping Li & Nanli Zhu & Ridhima Sharma & Atif Jahanger, 2021. "Green Technology Innovation, Globalization, and CO 2 Emissions: Recent Insights from the OBOR Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:236-:d:711741
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xiaoyu Qu & Xutian Qin & Haichen Hu, 2023. "Research on the Improvement Path of Regional Green Technology Innovation Efficiency in China Based on fsQCA Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-16, February.
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    3. Bai, Jiancheng & Han, Zhiyong & Rizvi, Syed Kumail Abbas & Naqvi, Bushra, 2023. "Green trade or green technology? The way forward for G-7 economies to achieve COP 26 targets while making competing policy choices," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    4. Naqvi, Bushra & Rizvi, Syed Kumail Abbas & Mirza, Nawazish & Umar, Muhammad, 2023. "Financial market development: A potentiating policy choice for the green transition in G7 economies," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    5. Ali, Amjad & Sumaira, Sumaira & Siddique, Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar & Ashiq, Saima, 2023. "Impact of Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and Urbanization on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia," MPRA Paper 118832, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Atif Jahanger & Daniel Balsalobre-Lorente & Ahmed Samour & Foday Joof & Mumtaz Ali & Turgut Tursoy, 2022. "Do Renewable Energy and the Real Estate Market Promote Environmental Quality in South Africa: Evidence from the Bootstrap ARDL Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-17, December.
    7. Muhammad Ramzan & Ummara Razi & Muhammad Umer Quddoos & Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo, 2023. "Do green innovation and financial globalization contribute to the ecological sustainability and energy transition in the United Kingdom? Policy insights from a bootstrap rolling window approach," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), pages 393-414, February.

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