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Multi-Risk Assessment and Management—A Comparative Study of the Current State of Affairs in Chile and Ecuador

Author

Listed:
  • Stefan Greiving

    (Institut für Raumplanung (IRPUD), TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
    Plan + Risk Consult, 44227 Dortmund, Germany)

  • Leonie Schödl

    (Plan + Risk Consult, 44227 Dortmund, Germany)

  • Karl-Heinz Gaudry

    (Instituto de Investigación Geológico y Energético (IIGE), Quito 170518, Ecuador
    Centre for International Migration and Development (GIZ/CIM), 65760 Eschborn, Germany)

  • Iris Katherine Quintana Miralles

    (Independent Researcher, Lima 15000, Peru)

  • Benjamín Prado Larraín

    (Independent Researcher, Santiago 92101, Chile)

  • Mark Fleischhauer

    (Institut für Raumplanung (IRPUD), TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
    Plan + Risk Consult, 44227 Dortmund, Germany)

  • Myriam Margoth Jácome Guerra

    (Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies (IHS), Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3062 PA Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Jonathan Tobar

    (Instituto de Investigación Geológico y Energético (IIGE), Quito 170518, Ecuador)

Abstract

In Chile and Ecuador, multiple hazards and dynamic processes in vulnerability pose a high risk. Spatial planning and emergency management can contribute to disaster risk management but they follow different goals. However, global goals, such as from UN-ISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction) and UN SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) can potentially support cities and regions in defining concerted action. This paper aims at measuring the performance of Chile and Ecuador in regard to the aforementioned policy goals. Although both countries show considerable progresses in the implementation of the UN strategies, it is doubtful that the existing global monitoring approach is appropriately designed for measuring the real situation on the ground. Our paper is based on a desktop research combined with stakeholder workshops and expert interviews. Overall, both countries made considerable progress in regard to disaster preparedness and monitoring. However, multi-risks are rarely considered and there is still increasing vulnerability due to the expansion of informal settlements. The risk management is characterized by an imbalanced distribution of financial resources and institutional capacities between the metropolitan regions and smaller municipalities, and by low public participation and hardly community-based approaches. The paper underlines the importance for more qualitative, in-depth studies on the root causes of disaster risk which could complement the global monitoring which is very much focused on quantitative data and shows inconsistency between input and output indicators.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefan Greiving & Leonie Schödl & Karl-Heinz Gaudry & Iris Katherine Quintana Miralles & Benjamín Prado Larraín & Mark Fleischhauer & Myriam Margoth Jácome Guerra & Jonathan Tobar, 2021. "Multi-Risk Assessment and Management—A Comparative Study of the Current State of Affairs in Chile and Ecuador," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:1366-:d:488761
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jochen Schmidt & Iain Matcham & Stefan Reese & Andrew King & Rob Bell & Roddy Henderson & Graeme Smart & Jim Cousins & Warwick Smith & Dave Heron, 2011. "Quantitative multi-risk analysis for natural hazards: a framework for multi-risk modelling," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 58(3), pages 1169-1192, September.
    2. Bas Ruijven & Marc Levy & Arun Agrawal & Frank Biermann & Joern Birkmann & Timothy Carter & Kristie Ebi & Matthias Garschagen & Bryan Jones & Roger Jones & Eric Kemp-Benedict & Marcel Kok & Kasper Kok, 2014. "Enhancing the relevance of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways for climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability research," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 122(3), pages 481-494, February.
    3. Giles Atkinson & Simon Dietz & Eric Neumayer & Matthew Agarwala (ed.), 2014. "Handbook of Sustainable Development," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 15312.
    4. Vicente Sandoval & Martin Voss, 2016. "Disaster Governance and Vulnerability: The Case of Chile," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 4(4), pages 107-116.
    5. Kalliopi Sapountzaki & Sylvia Wanczura & Gabriella Casertano & Stefan Greiving & Gavriil Xanthopoulos & Floriana Ferrara, 2011. "Disconnected policies and actors and the missing role of spatial planning throughout the risk management cycle," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 59(3), pages 1445-1474, December.
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