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Nutrient and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Aggregates in a Sloping Farmland Area under Different Tillage Practices

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  • Jie Zhang

    (College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
    Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China)

  • Yaojun Liu

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Taihui Zheng

    (Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Xiaomin Zhao

    (College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China)

  • Hongguang Liu

    (Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China)

  • Yongfen Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China)

Abstract

Sloping farmland is prevalent in hilly red soil areas of South China. Improper tillage patterns induce decreased soil organic matter, soil aggregate breakdown, and nutrient imbalance, thereby restricting crop production. However, the stoichiometric characteristics could reflect the nutrient availability which was mostly studied on bulk soil. The stoichiometric characteristics of soil aggregates with multiple functions in farmlands has rarely been studied. The study was to reveal the impact of tillage patterns on the size distribution, nutrient levels, and stoichiometric ratios of soil aggregates after 20 years’ cultivation. Soil samples of 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm from five tillage patterns, bare-land control (BL), longitudinal-ridge tillage (LR), conventional tillage + straw mulching (CS), cross-ridge tillage (CR), and longitudinal-ridge tillage + hedgerows (LH) were collected. The elemental content (C, N and P) and soil aggregate size distribution were determined, and the stoichiometric ratios were subsequently calculated. Through our analysis and study, it was found that the nutrient content of >2 mm soil aggregates in all plots was the highest. In the hedgerow plots, >2 mm water-stable soil aggregate content was increased. Therefore, LH plots have the highest content of organic matter and nutrients. After 20 years of cultivation, stoichiometric ratio of each plot showed different changes on soil aggregates at different levels. the C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios are lower than the national average of cultivated land. Among of them, the stoichiometric ratio in the LH plot is closer to the mean and showed better water-stable aggregate enhancement. Therefore, longitudinal-ridge tillage + hedgerows can be recommended as a cultivation measure. This study provides a reference for determining appropriate tillage measures, balancing nutrient ratios, and implementing rational fertilization.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Zhang & Yaojun Liu & Taihui Zheng & Xiaomin Zhao & Hongguang Liu & Yongfen Zhang, 2021. "Nutrient and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Aggregates in a Sloping Farmland Area under Different Tillage Practices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-19, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:890-:d:481879
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. James J. Elser & William F. Fagan & Robert F. Denno & Dean R. Dobberfuhl & Ayoola Folarin & Andrea Huberty & Sebastian Interlandi & Susan S. Kilham & Edward McCauley & Kimberly L. Schulz & Evan H. Sie, 2000. "Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs," Nature, Nature, vol. 408(6812), pages 578-580, November.
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    1. Jun Wang & Wei Dai & Kaikai Fang & Hui Gao & Zhimin Sha & Linkui Cao, 2022. "Nutrient Characterization in Soil Aggregate Fractions with Different Fertilizer Treatments in Greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Zijuan Zhao & Beilei Fan & Dong Liu, 2021. "Evaluating the Impact of Crop Layout Changes on N and P Nutrient Balance: A Case Study in the West Liaohe River Basin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-21, July.
    3. Tianyu Qin & Lan Wang & Jianshe Zhao & Gaifang Zhou & Caihong Li & Liyue Guo & Gaoming Jiang, 2022. "Effects of Straw Mulching Thickness on the Soil Health in a Temperate Organic Vineyard," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-14, October.

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