IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i14p8022-d596673.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Can Different Salt Formulations Revert the Depressing Effect of Salinity on Maize by Modulating Plant Biochemical Attributes and Activating Stress Regulators through Improved N Supply?

Author

Listed:
  • Syed Ayyaz Javed

    (Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Saleem Arif

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, GC University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Sher Muhammad Shahzad

    (Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Ashraf

    (Department of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan)

  • Rizwana Kausar

    (Soil and Water Testing Laboratory for Research, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan)

  • Taimoor Hassan Farooq

    (Bangor College China, a Joint Unit of Bangor University, Wales, UK and Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China)

  • M. Iftikhar Hussain

    (Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain)

  • Awais Shakoor

    (Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain)

Abstract

Salinity is a major constraint in improving agricultural productivity due to its adverse impact on various physiological and biochemical attributes of plants, and its effect on reducing nitrogen (N) use efficiency due to ion toxicity. To understand the relationship between sodium chloride (NaCl) and increased N application rates, a pot study was performed in which the ammonical (NH 4 + ) form of N was applied as urea to maize crops at different rates (control, 160, 186, 240, 267, 293, and 320 kg N ha −1 ) using two salinity levels (control and 10 dS m −1 NaCl). The results indicate that all biochemical and physiological attributes of the maize plant improved with increased concentration of N up to 293 kg ha −1 , compared to those in the control treatment. Similarly, the optimal N concentration regulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., catalase activity (CAT), peroxidase activity (POD), and superoxide dismutases (SOD), and also increased the N use efficiencies of the maize crop up to 293 kg N ha −1 . Overall, our results show that the optimum level of N (293 kg ha −1 ) improved the salinity tolerance in the maize plant by activating stress coping physiological and biochemical mechanisms. This may have been due to the major role of N in the metabolic activity of plants and N assimilation enzymes activity such as nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR).

Suggested Citation

  • Syed Ayyaz Javed & Muhammad Saleem Arif & Sher Muhammad Shahzad & Muhammad Ashraf & Rizwana Kausar & Taimoor Hassan Farooq & M. Iftikhar Hussain & Awais Shakoor, 2021. "Can Different Salt Formulations Revert the Depressing Effect of Salinity on Maize by Modulating Plant Biochemical Attributes and Activating Stress Regulators through Improved N Supply?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:14:p:8022-:d:596673
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/14/8022/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/14/8022/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xuejun Liu & Ying Zhang & Wenxuan Han & Aohan Tang & Jianlin Shen & Zhenling Cui & Peter Vitousek & Jan Willem Erisman & Keith Goulding & Peter Christie & Andreas Fangmeier & Fusuo Zhang, 2013. "Enhanced nitrogen deposition over China," Nature, Nature, vol. 494(7438), pages 459-462, February.
    2. Feng, Genxiang & Zhang, Zhanyu & Wan, Changyu & Lu, Peirong & Bakour, Ahmad, 2017. "Effects of saline water irrigation on soil salinity and yield of summer maize (Zea mays L.) in subsurface drainage system," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 205-213.
    3. Kurt A. Schwabe & Iddo Kan & Keith C. Knapp, 2006. "Drainwater Management for Salinity Mitigation in Irrigated Agriculture," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 88(1), pages 133-149.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Taimoor Hassan Farooq & Uttam Kumar & Awais Shakoor & Gadah Albasher & Saad Alkahtani & Humaira Rizwana & Muhammad Tayyab & Jalpa Dobaria & Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain & Pengfei Wu, 2021. "Influence of Intraspecific Competition Stress on Soil Fungal Diversity and Composition in Relation to Tree Growth and Soil Fertility in Sub-Tropical Soils under Chinese Fir Monoculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhongen Niu & Huimin Yan & Fang Liu, 2020. "Decreasing Cropping Intensity Dominated the Negative Trend of Cropland Productivity in Southern China in 2000–2015," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Epanchin-Niell, Rebecca S. & Thompson, Alexandra & Han, Xianru & Post, Jessica & Miller, Jarrod & Newburn, David & Gedan, Keryn & Tully, Kate, 2023. "Coastal agricultural land use response to sea level rise and saltwater intrusion," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335970, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. Feng, Genxiang & Zhu, Chengli & Wu, Qingfeng & Wang, Ce & Zhang, Zhanyu & Mwiya, Richwell Mubita & Zhang, Li, 2021. "Evaluating the impacts of saline water irrigation on soil water-salt and summer maize yield in subsurface drainage condition using coupled HYDRUS and EPIC model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    4. Yuan, Chengfu & Feng, Shaoyuan & Huo, Zailin & Ji, Quanyi, 2019. "Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on soil water-salt distribution and water use efficiency of maize for seed production in arid Northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 424-432.
    5. Ke Xu & Chunmei Wang & Xintong Yang, 2017. "Five-year study of the effects of simulated nitrogen deposition levels and forms on soil nitrous oxide emissions from a temperate forest in northern China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(12), pages 1-18, December.
    6. Zhihua Liu & John S. Kimball & Ashley P. Ballantyne & Nicholas C. Parazoo & Wen J. Wang & Ana Bastos & Nima Madani & Susan M. Natali & Jennifer D. Watts & Brendan M. Rogers & Philippe Ciais & Kailiang, 2022. "Respiratory loss during late-growing season determines the net carbon dioxide sink in northern permafrost regions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    7. Huang, Suo & Bartlett, Paul & Arain, M. Altaf, 2016. "An analysis of global terrestrial carbon, water and energy dynamics using the carbon–nitrogen coupled CLASS-CTEMN+ model," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 336(C), pages 36-56.
    8. Mirhaj, M. & Razzak, M.A. & Wahab, M.A., 2014. "Comparison of nitrogen balances and efficiencies in rice cum prawn vs. rice cum fish cultures in Mymensingh, North-Eastern Bangladesh," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 54-62.
    9. Francisco J. Areal & Wantao Yu & Kevin Tansey & Jiahuan Liu, 2022. "Measuring Sustainable Intensification Using Satellite Remote Sensing Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-13, February.
    10. Wang, Xiaolong & Chen, Yuanquan & Sui, Peng & Yan, Peng & Yang, Xiaolei & Gao, Wangsheng, 2017. "Preliminary analysis on economic and environmental consequences of grain production on different farm sizes in North China Plain," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 181-189.
    11. Longyu Shi & Miao Zhang & Yajing Zhang & Bin Yang & Huaping Sun & Tong Xu, 2018. "Comprehensive Analysis of Nitrogen Deposition in Urban Ecosystem: A Case Study of Xiamen City, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-20, December.
    12. Baozhi Li & Bin Guo & Qibiao Zhu & Ni Zhuo, 2023. "Impact of Technical Training and Personalized Information Support on Farmers’ Fertilization Behavior: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-11, June.
    13. Tianjie Lei & Jianjun Wu & Jiabao Wang & Changliang Shao & Weiwei Wang & Dongpan Chen & Xiangyu Li, 2022. "The Net Influence of Drought on Grassland Productivity over the Past 50 Years," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, September.
    14. Zehui Liu & Harald E. Rieder & Christian Schmidt & Monika Mayer & Yixin Guo & Wilfried Winiwarter & Lin Zhang, 2023. "Optimal reactive nitrogen control pathways identified for cost-effective PM2.5 mitigation in Europe," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    15. Tianyu Wang & Zhenghe Xu & Guibin Pang, 2019. "Effects of Irrigating with Brackish Water on Soil Moisture, Soil Salinity, and the Agronomic Response of Winter Wheat in the Yellow River Delta," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-16, October.
    16. Yang Shen & Xiaoyang Guo & Xiuwu Zhang, 2023. "Digital Financial Inclusion, Land Transfer, and Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-25, April.
    17. Su, Han & Sun, Hongyong & Dong, Xinliang & Chen, Pei & Zhang, Xuejia & Tian, Liu & Liu, Xiaojing & Wang, Jintao, 2021. "Did manure improve saline water irrigation threshold of winter wheat? A 3-year field investigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    18. Jing Zhang & Xiaoan Zuo & Peng Lv, 2023. "Effects of Grazing, Extreme Drought, Extreme Rainfall and Nitrogen Addition on Vegetation Characteristics and Productivity of Semiarid Grassland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-19, January.
    19. Yin, Huajun & Zhao, Wenqiang & Li, Ting & Cheng, Xinying & Liu, Qing, 2018. "Balancing straw returning and chemical fertilizers in China: Role of straw nutrient resources," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2695-2702.
    20. Cao, Yune & Gao, Yanming & Li, Jianshe & Tian, Yongqiang, 2019. "Straw composts, gypsum and their mixtures enhance tomato yields under continuous saline water irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 1-1.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:14:p:8022-:d:596673. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.