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The Water Footprint of Primary and Secondary Processing of Beef from Different Cattle Breeds: A Value Fraction Allocation Model

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  • Frikkie Alberts Maré

    (Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa)

  • Henry Jordaan

    (Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa)

Abstract

The high water intake and wastewater discharge of slaughterhouses have been a concern for many years. One neglected factor in previous research is allocating the water footprint (WF) to beef production’s different products and by-products. The objective of this article was to estimate the WF of different cattle breeds at a slaughterhouse and cutting plant and allocate it according to the different cuts (products) and by-products of beef based on the value fraction of each. The results indicated a negative relationship between the carcass weight and the processing WF when the different breeds were compared. Regarding a specific cut of beef, a kilogram of rib eye from the heaviest breed had a processing WF of 614.57 L/kg, compared to the 919.91 L/kg for the rib eye of the lightest breed. A comparison of the different cuts indicated that high-value cuts had higher WFs than low-value cuts. The difference between a kilogram of rib eye and flank was 426.26 L/kg for the heaviest breed and 637.86 L/kg for the lightest breed. An option to reduce the processing WF of beef is to lessen the WF by slaughtering heavier animals. This will require no extra investment from the slaughterhouse. At the same time, the returns should increase as the average production inputs per kilogram of output (carcass) should reduce, as the slaughterhouse will process more kilograms.

Suggested Citation

  • Frikkie Alberts Maré & Henry Jordaan, 2021. "The Water Footprint of Primary and Secondary Processing of Beef from Different Cattle Breeds: A Value Fraction Allocation Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:12:p:6914-:d:577672
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. P. L. Oosthuizen & F. A. Maré, 2018. "The profit-maximising feeding period for different breeds of beef cattle," Agrekon, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(2), pages 108-120, April.
    2. Mohammed Ali Musa & Syazwani Idrus, 2021. "Physical and Biological Treatment Technologies of Slaughterhouse Wastewater: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Ayanda M. Ngxumeshe & Motshekwe Ratsaka & Bohani Mtileni & Khathutshelo Nephawe, 2020. "Sustainable Application of Livestock Water Footprints in Different Beef Production Systems of South Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-13, November.
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