IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v11y2022i1p50-d1012571.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comparing SSD-Efficient Portfolios with a Skewed Reference Distribution

Author

Listed:
  • Francesco Cesarone

    (Department of Business Studies, Roma Tre University, 00145 Roma, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Raffaello Cesetti

    (Department of Business Studies, Roma Tre University, 00145 Roma, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Giuseppe Orlando

    (Department of Economics and Finance, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
    Department of Economics HSE University, 190121 Saint Petersburg, Russia
    Department of Mathematics, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Manuel Luis Martino

    (Department of Business Studies, Roma Tre University, 00145 Roma, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jacopo Maria Ricci

    (Department of Economics, University of Bergamo, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Portfolio selection models based on second-order stochastic dominance (SSD) have the advantage of providing portfolios that reflect the behavior of risk-averse investors without the need to specify the utility function. Several scholars apply SSD conditions with respect to a reference distribution, typically that of the market index, to find its dominant SSD portfolio. However, since the reference distribution could strongly influence asset allocation, in this article, we compare two SSD-based portfolio selection strategies with a reshaping of the reference distribution in terms of its skewness and, consequently, its variance. Through an extensive empirical analysis based on multiasset investment universes, we empirically show that the SSD portfolios dominating the new skewed benchmark index generally perform better.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Cesarone & Raffaello Cesetti & Giuseppe Orlando & Manuel Luis Martino & Jacopo Maria Ricci, 2022. "Comparing SSD-Efficient Portfolios with a Skewed Reference Distribution," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2022:i:1:p:50-:d:1012571
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/1/50/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/1/50/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Victor DeMiguel & Lorenzo Garlappi & Raman Uppal, 2009. "Optimal Versus Naive Diversification: How Inefficient is the 1-N Portfolio Strategy?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(5), pages 1915-1953, May.
    2. Andrea Scozzari & Fabio Tardella & Sandra Paterlini & Thiemo Krink, 2013. "Exact and heuristic approaches for the index tracking problem with UCITS constraints," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 205(1), pages 235-250, May.
    3. Cesarone, Francesco & Lampariello, Lorenzo & Sagratella, Simone, 2019. "A risk-gain dominance maximization approach to enhanced index tracking," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 231-238.
    4. Renato Bruni & Francesco Cesarone & Andrea Scozzari & Fabio Tardella, 2012. "A new stochastic dominance approach to enhanced index tracking problems," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 32(4), pages 3460-3470.
    5. Raymond H. Chan & Ephraim Clark & Xu Guo & Wing-Keung Wong, 2020. "New development on the third-order stochastic dominance for risk-averse and risk-seeking investors with application in risk management," Risk Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(2), pages 108-132, June.
    6. Alessandra Carleo & Francesco Cesarone & Andrea Gheno & Jacopo Maria Ricci, 2017. "Approximating exact expected utility via portfolio efficient frontiers," Decisions in Economics and Finance, Springer;Associazione per la Matematica, vol. 40(1), pages 115-143, November.
    7. Beasley, J. E. & Meade, N. & Chang, T. -J., 2003. "An evolutionary heuristic for the index tracking problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 148(3), pages 621-643, August.
    8. Francesco Cesarone & Jacopo Moretti & Fabio Tardella, 2016. "Optimally chosen small portfolios are better than large ones," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 36(4), pages 1876-1891.
    9. Thierry Post, 2003. "Empirical Tests for Stochastic Dominance Efficiency," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 58(5), pages 1905-1931, October.
    10. Ogryczak, Wlodzimierz & Ruszczynski, Andrzej, 1999. "From stochastic dominance to mean-risk models: Semideviations as risk measures," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 116(1), pages 33-50, July.
    11. Bellini, Fabio & Cesarone, Francesco & Colombo, Christian & Tardella, Fabio, 2021. "Risk parity with expectiles," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 291(3), pages 1149-1163.
    12. Cristiano Arbex Valle & Diana Roman & Gautam Mitra, 2017. "Novel approaches for portfolio construction using second order stochastic dominance," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 14(2), pages 257-280, April.
    13. Lizyayev, Andrey & Ruszczyński, Andrzej, 2012. "Tractable Almost Stochastic Dominance," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 218(2), pages 448-455.
    14. John M. Griffin, 2002. "Are the Fama and French Factors Global or Country Specific?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 15(3), pages 783-803.
    15. Guastaroba, G. & Speranza, M.G., 2012. "Kernel Search: An application to the index tracking problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 217(1), pages 54-68.
    16. Keiichi Kubota & Hitoshi Takehara, 2018. "Does the Fama and French Five†Factor Model Work Well in Japan?," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 18(1), pages 137-146, March.
    17. Haim Levy, 1992. "Stochastic Dominance and Expected Utility: Survey and Analysis," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 38(4), pages 555-593, April.
    18. Bruni, Renato & Cesarone, Francesco & Scozzari, Andrea & Tardella, Fabio, 2017. "On exact and approximate stochastic dominance strategies for portfolio selection," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 259(1), pages 322-329.
    19. Robert Faff, 2004. "A simple test of the Fama and French model using daily data: Australian evidence," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 83-92.
    20. James E. Hodder & Jens Carsten Jackwerth & Olga Kolokolova, 2015. "Improved Portfolio Choice Using Second-Order Stochastic Dominance," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 19(4), pages 1623-1647.
    21. Julio Guerrero & Giuseppe Orlando, 2022. "Stochastic Local Volatility models and the Wei-Norman factorization method," Papers 2201.11241, arXiv.org.
    22. Guastaroba, G. & Mansini, R. & Ogryczak, W. & Speranza, M.G., 2016. "Linear programming models based on Omega ratio for the Enhanced Index Tracking Problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 251(3), pages 938-956.
    23. Francesco Cesarone & Andrea Scozzari & Fabio Tardella, 2015. "Linear vs. quadratic portfolio selection models with hard real-world constraints," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 345-370, July.
    24. Whitmore, G A, 1970. "Third-Degree Stochastic Dominance," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 60(3), pages 457-459, June.
    25. Roman, Diana & Mitra, Gautam & Zverovich, Victor, 2013. "Enhanced indexation based on second-order stochastic dominance," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 228(1), pages 273-281.
    26. Thierry Post, 2003. "Empirical Tests for Stochastic Dominance Efficiency," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 58(5), pages 1905-1932, October.
    27. Alexandra Künzi-Bay & János Mayer, 2006. "Computational aspects of minimizing conditional value-at-risk," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 3(1), pages 3-27, January.
    28. G. Hanoch & H. Levy, 1969. "The Efficiency Analysis of Choices Involving Risk," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 36(3), pages 335-346.
    29. James P. Quirk & Rubin Saposnik, 1962. "Admissibility and Measurable Utility Functions," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 29(2), pages 140-146.
    30. Francesco Cesarone & Manuel Luis Martino & Alessandra Carleo, 2022. "Does ESG Impact Really Enhance Portfolio Profitability?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-28, February.
    31. Brad M. Barber & Terrance Odean, 2000. "Trading Is Hazardous to Your Wealth: The Common Stock Investment Performance of Individual Investors," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(2), pages 773-806, April.
    32. Renato Bruni & Francesco Cesarone & Andrea Scozzari & Fabio Tardella, 2013. "No arbitrage and a linear portfolio selection model," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 33(2), pages 1247-1258.
    33. Haifeng Guo & Yuanjing Ge & Chuan-Hao Hsu & Hung-Gay Fung, 2021. "How Did the Elimination of the Window Guidance Policy Affect IPO Performance in China? A Stochastic Dominance Analysis," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(3), pages 824-838, February.
    34. Hadar, Josef & Russell, William R, 1969. "Rules for Ordering Uncertain Prospects," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 59(1), pages 25-34, March.
    35. Jurdi, Doureige J., 2022. "Predicting the Australian equity risk premium," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    36. Walther, Ansgar, 2020. "Financial policy in an exuberant world," Working Paper Series 2380, European Central Bank.
    37. Francesco Cesarone & Stefano Colucci, 2018. "Minimum risk versus capital and risk diversification strategies for portfolio construction," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 69(2), pages 183-200, February.
    38. Timo Kuosmanen, 2004. "Efficient Diversification According to Stochastic Dominance Criteria," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(10), pages 1390-1406, October.
    39. Rothschild, Michael & Stiglitz, Joseph E., 1970. "Increasing risk: I. A definition," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 2(3), pages 225-243, September.
    40. Renata Mansini & Włodzimierz Ogryczak & M. Speranza, 2007. "Conditional value at risk and related linear programming models for portfolio optimization," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 152(1), pages 227-256, July.
    41. Gianfranco Guastaroba & Renata Mansini & Wlodzimierz Ogryczak & M. Grazia Speranza, 2020. "Enhanced index tracking with CVaR-based ratio measures," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 292(2), pages 883-931, September.
    42. Lianjie Shu & Fangquan Shi & Guoliang Tian, 2020. "High-dimensional index tracking based on the adaptive elastic net," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(9), pages 1513-1530, September.
    43. Giuseppe Orlando & Michele Bufalo, 2021. "Empirical Evidences on the Interconnectedness between Sampling and Asset Returns’ Distributions," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-35, May.
    44. Kondor, Imre & Pafka, Szilard & Nagy, Gabor, 2007. "Noise sensitivity of portfolio selection under various risk measures," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 1545-1573, May.
    45. Post, Thierry & Kopa, Miloš, 2013. "General linear formulations of stochastic dominance criteria," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 230(2), pages 321-332.
    46. Canakgoz, N.A. & Beasley, J.E., 2009. "Mixed-integer programming approaches for index tracking and enhanced indexation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 196(1), pages 384-399, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Francesco Cesarone & Manuel Luis Martino & Federica Ricca & Andrea Scozzari, 2023. "Managing ESG Ratings Disagreement in Sustainable Portfolio Selection," Papers 2312.10739, arXiv.org.
    2. Francesco Cesarone & Justo Puerto, 2024. "New approximate stochastic dominance approaches for Enhanced Indexation models," Papers 2401.12669, arXiv.org.
    3. Francesco Cesarone & Rosella Giacometti & Manuel Luis Martino & Fabio Tardella, 2023. "A return-diversification approach to portfolio selection," Papers 2312.09707, arXiv.org.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Francesco Cesarone & Justo Puerto, 2024. "New approximate stochastic dominance approaches for Enhanced Indexation models," Papers 2401.12669, arXiv.org.
    2. Bruni, Renato & Cesarone, Francesco & Scozzari, Andrea & Tardella, Fabio, 2017. "On exact and approximate stochastic dominance strategies for portfolio selection," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 259(1), pages 322-329.
    3. Daskalaki, Charoula & Skiadopoulos, George & Topaloglou, Nikolas, 2017. "Diversification benefits of commodities: A stochastic dominance efficiency approach," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 250-269.
    4. Kallio, Markku & Dehghan Hardoroudi, Nasim, 2018. "Second-order stochastic dominance constrained portfolio optimization: Theory and computational tests," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 264(2), pages 675-685.
    5. Thierry Post & Miloš Kopa, 2017. "Portfolio Choice Based on Third-Degree Stochastic Dominance," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 63(10), pages 3381-3392, October.
    6. Christodoulakis, George & Mohamed, Abdulkadir & Topaloglou, Nikolas, 2018. "Optimal privatization portfolios in the presence of arbitrary risk aversion," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 265(3), pages 1172-1191.
    7. Fang, Yi & Post, Thierry, 2017. "Higher-degree stochastic dominance optimality and efficiency," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 261(3), pages 984-993.
    8. Kolokolova, Olga & Le Courtois, Olivier & Xu, Xia, 2022. "Is the index efficient? A worldwide tour with stochastic dominance," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 59(PB).
    9. Arvanitis, Stelios & Scaillet, Olivier & Topaloglou, Nikolas, 2020. "Spanning tests for Markowitz stochastic dominance," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 217(2), pages 291-311.
    10. Chan, Raymond H. & Chow, Sheung-Chi & Guo, Xu & Wong, Wing-Keung, 2022. "Central moments, stochastic dominance, moment rule, and diversification with an application," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    11. Post, Thierry & Karabatı, Selçuk & Arvanitis, Stelios, 2018. "Portfolio optimization based on stochastic dominance and empirical likelihood," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 206(1), pages 167-186.
    12. Liesiö, Juuso & Kallio, Markku & Argyris, Nikolaos, 2023. "Incomplete risk-preference information in portfolio decision analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 304(3), pages 1084-1098.
    13. Andrey Lizyayev, 2012. "Stochastic dominance efficiency analysis of diversified portfolios: classification, comparison and refinements," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 196(1), pages 391-410, July.
    14. Daskalaki, Charoula & Skiadopoulos, George & Topaloglou, Nikolas, 2017. "Diversification benefits of commodities: A stochastic dominance efficiency approach," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 250-269.
    15. Malavasi, Matteo & Ortobelli Lozza, Sergio & Trück, Stefan, 2021. "Second order of stochastic dominance efficiency vs mean variance efficiency," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(3), pages 1192-1206.
    16. Jia Liu & Zhiping Chen & Giorgio Consigli, 2021. "Interval-based stochastic dominance: theoretical framework and application to portfolio choices," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 307(1), pages 329-361, December.
    17. Amita Sharma & Aparna Mehra, 2017. "Financial analysis based sectoral portfolio optimization under second order stochastic dominance," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 256(1), pages 171-197, September.
    18. Cristiano Arbex Valle & Diana Roman & Gautam Mitra, 2017. "Novel approaches for portfolio construction using second order stochastic dominance," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 14(2), pages 257-280, April.
    19. Cesarone, Francesco & Mango, Fabiomassimo & Mottura, Carlo Domenico & Ricci, Jacopo Maria & Tardella, Fabio, 2020. "On the stability of portfolio selection models," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 210-234.
    20. Gianfranco Guastaroba & Renata Mansini & Wlodzimierz Ogryczak & M. Grazia Speranza, 2020. "Enhanced index tracking with CVaR-based ratio measures," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 292(2), pages 883-931, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2022:i:1:p:50-:d:1012571. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.