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Evaluation of the Abbott Panbio™ COVID-19 Ag Rapid Antigen Test for Asymptomatic Patients during the Omicron Wave

Author

Listed:
  • Viet Tran

    (Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmanian Health Service, Hobart 7000, Australia
    Tasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia
    Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia)

  • Giles Barrington

    (Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmanian Health Service, Hobart 7000, Australia
    Tasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia)

  • Zach Aandahl

    (School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia)

  • Amelia Lawrence

    (Tasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia)

  • Senudi Wijewardena

    (Tasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia)

  • Brian Doyle

    (Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmanian Health Service, Hobart 7000, Australia
    Tasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia)

  • Louise Cooley

    (Royal Hobart Hospital, Tasmanian Health Service, Hobart 7000, Australia
    Tasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia)

Abstract

Rapid antigen testing (RAT) is a cost-effective and time-efficient method of identifying severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and therefore a critical part of infection control strategies. There is no published evidence evaluating the use of RAT during the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic for asymptomatic patients or its performance between waves. All patients presenting to an Emergency Department over a two-week period without COVID-19 symptoms were screened for SARS-CoV-2 using both the Abbott Panbio RAT as well as the gold standard reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Abbott Panbio RAT sensitivity was 13% (95% CI 0.028, 0.336) for asymptomatic patients. The use of this test in asymptomatic patients during the Omicron wave had a statistically significant reduction in sensitivity compared with two reports of the same test in previous waves (13% vs. 86%, p < 0.0001; 13% vs. 83%, p < 0.0001). As SARS-CoV-2 continues to mutate, the sensitivity of RATs are altered and needs to be continually re-evaluated for each variant of concern if they are to be used as part of an infection control strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Viet Tran & Giles Barrington & Zach Aandahl & Amelia Lawrence & Senudi Wijewardena & Brian Doyle & Louise Cooley, 2023. "Evaluation of the Abbott Panbio™ COVID-19 Ag Rapid Antigen Test for Asymptomatic Patients during the Omicron Wave," J, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-9, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jjopen:v:6:y:2023:i:1:p:15-206:d:1102067
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lukas E Brümmer & Stephan Katzenschlager & Mary Gaeddert & Christian Erdmann & Stephani Schmitz & Marc Bota & Maurizio Grilli & Jan Larmann & Markus A Weigand & Nira R Pollock & Aurélien Macé & Sergio, 2021. "Accuracy of novel antigen rapid diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2: A living systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(8), pages 1-41, August.
    2. Andrew T. Levin & William P. Hanage & Nana Owusu-Boaitey & Kensington B. Cochran & Seamus P. Walsh & Gideon Meyerowitz-Katz, 2020. "Assessing the Age Specificity of Infection Fatality Rates for COVID-19: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, & Public Policy Implications," NBER Working Papers 27597, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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