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Effects of Vegetation Structure on Psychological Restoration in an Urban Rooftop Space

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  • Juyoung Lee

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Hankyong National University, 327 Chungang-ro, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea)

  • Minji Kang

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Hankyong National University, 327 Chungang-ro, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea)

  • Sungku Lee

    (Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea)

  • Seoyong Lee

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Hankyong National University, 327 Chungang-ro, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Connectedness to nature has been recognized as an important factor for well-being, with rooftop green spaces being used for stress reduction in modern cities. This study aimed to examine psychological and physiological responses to three different vegetation models on an urban rooftop. An analysis of psychological parameters indicated that the existence of vegetation in rooftop spaces could have positive effects on mood states, and the size of the effect was greater in a structured vegetation design than in a monotonous one. An analysis of the physiological parameters of heart rate variability and systolic blood pressure indicated that greater restorative effects are elicited from the use of vertical elements, such as shrubs and trees, added to grassy areas than from concrete environments. However, a fully enclosed vegetation with trees was not associated with higher parasympathetic activities than a half-open vegetation model. Based on these findings, an open and structured vegetation design that includes both grass and shrubs may have more potential for stress reduction than a monotonous vegetation model. A larger volume of vegetation was not necessarily linked to higher psychological and physiological benefits.

Suggested Citation

  • Juyoung Lee & Minji Kang & Sungku Lee & Seoyong Lee, 2022. "Effects of Vegetation Structure on Psychological Restoration in an Urban Rooftop Space," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:260-:d:1013534
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ali, Md. Julfikar & Rahaman, Mohidur & Hossain, Sk. Iqbal, 2022. "Urban green spaces for elderly human health: A planning model for healthy city living," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    2. Won-Ji Kim & Tae-Kyung Lee, 2022. "Greenness Index and Preferences for Interior Landscapes in Residential Spaces," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Mick Lennon & Owen Douglas & Mark Scott, 2017. "Urban green space for health and well-being: developing an ‘affordances’ framework for planning and design," Journal of Urban Design, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(6), pages 778-795, November.
    4. Yang Zhang & Agnes E. Van den Berg & Terry Van Dijk & Gerd Weitkamp, 2017. "Quality over Quantity: Contribution of Urban Green Space to Neighborhood Satisfaction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-10, May.
    5. Juyoung Lee, 2017. "Experimental Study on the Health Benefits of Garden Landscape," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-11, July.
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