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Safeguarding Children Subjected to Violence in the Family: Child-Centered Risk Assessments

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Eriksson

    (Department of Social Sciences, Marie Cederschiöld University, SE 11628 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Anders G. Broberg

    (Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, SE 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Ole Hultmann

    (Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, SE 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Emma Chawinga

    (Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, SE 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Ulf Axberg

    (Faculty of Social Sciences, VID Specialized University, NO 0370 Oslo, Norway)

Abstract

Assessing risk, planning for safety and security, and aiding recovery for children subjected to violence in a family setting is a complex process. The aim of the article is to synthesize the current research literature about risks for children subjected to violence in the family and outline an empirical base for a holistic and practically usable model of risk assessments placing the individual child at the center. Such assessments need to recognize four different areas of risk: (1) child safety, i.e., known risk factors for severe and dangerous violence aimed at both adults and children and how they play out in the individual case; (2) the child’s response in situations with violence; (3) the child’s perspective, especially fear and feelings of powerlessness in situations with violence; (4) developmental risks, e.g., instability in the child’s situation and care arrangements, lack of a carer/parent as a “secure base” and “safe haven”, the child developing difficulties due to the violence (e.g., PTSD), problems in parents’ caring capacities in relation to a child with experiences of, and reactions to, violence, and lack of opportunities for the child to make sense of, and create meaning in relation to, experiences of violence. In addition to the four areas of risk, the article emphasizes the importance of assessing the need for immediate intervention and safety planning in the current situation as regards safety, the child’s responses, the child’s perspectives, and long-term developmental risks.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Eriksson & Anders G. Broberg & Ole Hultmann & Emma Chawinga & Ulf Axberg, 2022. "Safeguarding Children Subjected to Violence in the Family: Child-Centered Risk Assessments," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:13779-:d:951049
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Edleson, Jeffrey L. & Ellerton, Amanda L. & Seagren, Ellen A. & Kirchberg, Staci L. & Schmidt, Sarah O. & Ambrose, Amirthini T., 2007. "Assessing child exposure to adult domestic violence," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(7), pages 961-971, July.
    2. Edleson, Jeffrey L. & Shin, Narae & Johnson Armendariz, Katy K., 2008. "Measuring children's exposure to domestic violence: The development and testing of the Child Exposure to Domestic Violence (CEDV) Scale," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 30(5), pages 502-521, May.
    3. Fusco, Rachel A. & Fantuzzo, John W., 2009. "Domestic violence crimes and children: A population-based investigation of direct sensory exposure and the nature of involvement," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 249-256, February.
    4. Baumann, Donald J. & Law, J. Randolph & Sheets, Janess & Reid, Grant & Graham, J. Christopher, 2005. "Evaluating the effectiveness of actuarial risk assessment models," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(5), pages 465-490, May.
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