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Pesticide Research on Environmental and Human Exposure and Risks in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review

Author

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  • Samuel Fuhrimann

    (Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Chenjie Wan

    (Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Elodie Blouzard

    (Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Adriana Veludo

    (Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Zelda Holtman

    (Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa
    Division of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa)

  • Shala Chetty-Mhlanga

    (Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie

    (Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa)

  • Aggrey Atuhaire

    (Uganda National Association of Community and Occupational Health (UNACOH), Kampala 12590, Uganda)

  • Hans Kromhout

    (Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Martin Röösli

    (Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Hanna-Andrea Rother

    (Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa
    Division of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7729, South Africa)

Abstract

On the African continent, ongoing agriculture intensification is accompanied by the increasing use of pesticides, associated with environmental and public health concerns. Using a systematic literature review, we aimed to map current geographical research hotspots and gaps around environmental and public health risks research of agriculture pesticides in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Studies were included that collected primary data on past and current-used agricultural pesticides and assessed their environmental occurrence, related knowledge, attitude and practice, human exposure, and environmental or public health risks between 2006 and 2021. We identified 391 articles covering 469 study sites in 37 countries in SSA. Five geographical research hotspots were identified: two in South Africa, two in East Africa, and one in West Africa. Despite its ban for agricultural use, organochlorine was the most studied pesticide group (60%; 86% of studies included DDT). Current-used pesticides in agriculture were studied in 54% of the study sites (including insecticides (92%), herbicides (44%), and fungicides (35%)). Environmental samples were collected in 67% of the studies (e.g., water, aquatic species, sediment, agricultural produce, and air). In 38% of the studies, human subjects were investigated. Only few studies had a longitudinal design or assessed pesticide’s environmental risks; human biomarkers; dose-response in human subjects, including children and women; and interventions to reduce pesticide exposure. We established a research database that can help stakeholders to address research gaps, foster research collaboration between environmental and health dimensions, and work towards sustainable and safe agriculture systems in SSA.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Fuhrimann & Chenjie Wan & Elodie Blouzard & Adriana Veludo & Zelda Holtman & Shala Chetty-Mhlanga & Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie & Aggrey Atuhaire & Hans Kromhout & Martin Röösli & Hanna-Andrea Rother, 2021. "Pesticide Research on Environmental and Human Exposure and Risks in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-18, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2021:i:1:p:259-:d:711814
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    2. Maria Christie & Emily Houweling & Laura Zseleczky, 2015. "Mapping gendered pest management knowledge, practices, and pesticide exposure pathways in Ghana and Mali," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 32(4), pages 761-775, December.
    3. Harry Siviter & Emily J. Bailes & Callum D. Martin & Thomas R. Oliver & Julia Koricheva & Ellouise Leadbeater & Mark J. F. Brown, 2021. "Agrochemicals interact synergistically to increase bee mortality," Nature, Nature, vol. 596(7872), pages 389-392, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Martin Röösli & Samuel Fuhrimann & Aggrey Atuhaire & Hanna-Andrea Rother & James Dabrowski & Brenda Eskenazi & Erik Jørs & Paul C. Jepson & Leslie London & Saloshni Naidoo & Diane S. Rohlman & Ivy Sau, 2022. "Interventions to Reduce Pesticide Exposure from the Agricultural Sector in Africa: A Workshop Report," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-20, July.

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