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Factors That Influence Participation in Physical Activity in School-Aged Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review from the Social Ecological Model Perspective

Author

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  • Donglin Hu

    (Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
    School of Physical Education and Educational Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
    Department of Physical Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)

  • Shi Zhou

    (Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia)

  • Zachary J. Crowley-McHattan

    (Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia)

  • Zhiyun Liu

    (School of Physical Education and Educational Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China)

Abstract

High prevalence of physical inactivity and obesity in children and adolescents has become a global problem. This systematic review aimed to examine the existing literature regarding the factors that influence participation in physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents with reference to the social ecological model (SEM) proposed by McLeroy et al. (1988). The SEM provides a framework under which the influencing factors are categorized into five levels: intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy. A systematic search of relevant literature published before July 2020 was conducted through Ebsco, ProQuest, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The selected articles were all of high quality as assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (2018). The results indicated that gender, age, ethnicity, and self-concept were the most common influencing factors at the intrapersonal level. At the interpersonal and organization levels, supports from friends, parents, and teachers were positive predictors of students’ PA participation. Accessibility of facilities and safe neighborhoods was a crucial factor that influenced children and adolescents’ participation in PA at the community level. Future studies on the effective types of policies or practices that could successfully promote facilities’ accessibility and improve neighborhood safety are required. The outcomes of this systematic review are expected to inform practice and support the development and implementation of sound policies for the promotion of PA participation in children or adolescents from a comprehensive social ecological viewpoint.

Suggested Citation

  • Donglin Hu & Shi Zhou & Zachary J. Crowley-McHattan & Zhiyun Liu, 2021. "Factors That Influence Participation in Physical Activity in School-Aged Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review from the Social Ecological Model Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:6:p:3147-:d:519769
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    4. Van Han Pham & Sara Wawrzyniak & Ireneusz Cichy & Michał Bronikowski & Andrzej Rokita, 2021. "BRAINballs Program Improves the Gross Motor Skills of Primary School Pupils in Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-8, February.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Anwar Al-Nuaim & Ayazullah Safi, 2023. "Factors Influencing Saudi Youth Physical Activity Participation: A Qualitative Study Based on the Social Ecological Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-15, May.
    3. Lin Zhou & Wei Liang & Yuxiu He & Yanping Duan & Ryan E. Rhodes & Hao Liu & Hongmei Liang & Xiaowei Shi & Jun Zhang & Yingzhe Cheng, 2022. "Relationship of 24-Hour Movement Behaviors with Weight Status and Body Composition in Chinese Primary School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-14, July.
    4. Xingxing Zong & Mariusz Lipowski & Taofeng Liu & Meng Qiao & Qi Bo, 2022. "The Sustainable Development of Psychological Education in Students’ Learning Concept in Physical Education Based on Machine Learning and the Internet of Things," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-16, November.
    5. Changqing Xiang & Jie Zhao & Tengku Fadilah Tengku Kamalden & Wenting Dong & Hua Luo & Normala Ismail, 2023. "The effectiveness of child and adolescent sports engagement in China: an analysis of China’s results for the 2016–2022 Global Matrix report cards on physical activity," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    6. Rodrigo Soto-Lagos & Carolina Cortes-Varas & Solange Freire-Arancibia & María-Alejandra Energici & Brent McDonald, 2022. "How Can Physical Inactivity in Girls Be Explained? A Socioecological Study in Public, Subsidized, and Private Schools," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-18, July.

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