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Smoking Cessation Apps: A Systematic Review of Format, Outcomes, and Features

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  • María Barroso-Hurtado

    (Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
    Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain)

  • Daniel Suárez-Castro

    (Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
    Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain)

  • Carmela Martínez-Vispo

    (Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain)

  • Elisardo Becoña

    (Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
    Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain)

  • Ana López-Durán

    (Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
    Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain)

Abstract

Smoking cessation interventions are effective, but they are not easily accessible for all treatment-seeking smokers. Mobile health (mHealth) apps have been used in recent years to overcome some of these limitations. Smoking cessation apps can be used in combination with a face-to-face intervention (FFSC-Apps), or alone as general apps (GSC-Apps). The aims of this review were (1) to examine the effects of FFSC-Apps and GSC-Apps on abstinence, tobacco use, and relapse rates; and (2) to describe their features. A systematic review was conducted following the internationally Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Of the total 6016 studies screened, 24 were included, of which nine used GSC-Apps and 15 FFSC-Apps. Eight studies reported significant differences between conditions in smoking cessation outcomes, with three of them being in favor of the use of apps, and two between different point-assessments. Concerning Apps features, most GSC-Apps included self-tracking and setting a quit plan, whereas most of the FFSC-Apps included self-tracking and carbon monoxide (CO) measures. Smartphone apps for smoking cessation could be promising tools. However, more research with an adequate methodological quality is needed to determine its effect. Nevertheless, smartphone apps’ high availability and attractiveness represent a great opportunity to reach large populations.

Suggested Citation

  • María Barroso-Hurtado & Daniel Suárez-Castro & Carmela Martínez-Vispo & Elisardo Becoña & Ana López-Durán, 2021. "Smoking Cessation Apps: A Systematic Review of Format, Outcomes, and Features," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-18, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11664-:d:673629
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carla Guerriero & John Cairns & Ian Roberts & Anthony Rodgers & Robyn Whittaker & Caroline Free, 2013. "The cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation support delivered by mobile phone text messaging: Txt2stop," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 14(5), pages 789-797, October.
    2. World Health Organization, 2019. "WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2019: Offer help to quit tobacco use," University of California at San Francisco, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education qt1g16k8b9, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, UC San Francisco.
    3. Reinskje Talhout & Thomas Schulz & Ewa Florek & Jan Van Benthem & Piet Wester & Antoon Opperhuizen, 2011. "Hazardous Compounds in Tobacco Smoke," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-16, February.
    4. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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    1. Ana López-Durán & Elisardo Becoña & Carmen Senra & Daniel Suárez-Castro & María Barroso-Hurtado & Carmela Martínez-Vispo, 2022. "A Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy of a Psychological Treatment to Quit Smoking Assisted with an App: Study Protocol," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Phantara Chulasai & Dujrudee Chinwong & Purida Vientong & Sunee Lertsinudom & Penkarn Kanjanarat & John J. Hall & Surarong Chinwong, 2022. "Smartphone Application for Smoking Cessation (Quit with US): A Randomized Controlled Trial among Young Adult Light Smokers in Thailand," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-14, July.

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