IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i20p10730-d655609.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Risk Factors for Positivity to Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica in Backyard Production Systems Animals from Metropolitana Region, Chile: A Threat to Public Health?

Author

Listed:
  • Erika Pavez-Muñoz

    (Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
    Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile)

  • Bastián Fernández-Sanhueza

    (Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
    Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile)

  • Constanza Urzúa-Encina

    (Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
    Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile)

  • Nicolás Galarce

    (Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile)

  • Raúl Alegría-Morán

    (Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
    Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales, Universidad del Alba, Santiago 8370007, Chile)

Abstract

In the Metropolitana region of Chile there are 3836 backyard production systems (BPS), characterized as small-scale systems. They act as a source of zoonotic pathogens, such as Salmonella enterica and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), whose prevalence in BPS has not been fully described. The objective of this study was to determine the positivity for both agents in BPS and to establish the risk factors related to their presence. In each BPS, an epidemiological survey was undertaken, and stool samples were collected to detect these pathogens via bacteriological culture and conventional PCR techniques. Subsequently, multivariable logistic regression models were applied to establish the risk factors associated with their presence. BPS positivity rates of 11.76% for STEC and 4.7% for S. enterica were observed. The systems showed poor welfare standards and a lack of biosecurity measures. The risk factor analysis concluded that the Gini–Simpson index ( p = 0.030; OR = 1.717) and the presence of neighboring intensive poultry or swine production systems ( p = 0.019; OR = 20.645) act as factors that increased the risk of positivity with respect to STEC. In the case of S. enterica , exchanging embryonated eggs ( p = 0.021; OR = 39) and the presence of debeaked chickens ( p = 0.001; OR = 156) were determined as factors that increased the risk of positivity for this agent. For positivity with respect to both pathogens, the Gini–Simpson index ( p = 0.030; OR = 1.544) and being INDAP/PRODESAL users ( p = 0.023; OR = 15.026) were determined as factors that increased the risk, whereas the type of confinement ( p = 0.002; OR = 0.019) decreased it. Epidemiological surveillance of these neglected populations is lacking, highlighting the fact that STEC and S. enterica maintenance on BPS represents a potential threat to public health.

Suggested Citation

  • Erika Pavez-Muñoz & Bastián Fernández-Sanhueza & Constanza Urzúa-Encina & Nicolás Galarce & Raúl Alegría-Morán, 2021. "Risk Factors for Positivity to Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica in Backyard Production Systems Animals from Metropolitana Region, Chile: A Threat to Public Health?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:20:p:10730-:d:655609
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10730/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10730/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Romain Espinosa & Damian Tago & Nicolas Treich, 2020. "Infectious Diseases and Meat Production," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 76(4), pages 1019-1044, August.
    2. Nerino Allocati & Michele Masulli & Mikhail F. Alexeyev & Carmine Di Ilio, 2013. "Escherichia coli in Europe: An Overview," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-20, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Beate Conrady, 2021. "Epidemiological, Mitigation and Economic Impact of Zoonoses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-5, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nikolett Orosz & Tünde Tóthné Tóth & Gyöngyi Vargáné Gyuró & Zsoltné Tibor Nábrádi & Klára Hegedűsné Sorosi & Zsuzsa Nagy & Éva Rigó & Ádám Kaposi & Gabriella Gömöri & Cornelia Melinda Adi Santoso & A, 2022. "Comparison of Length of Hospital Stay for Community-Acquired Infections Due to Enteric Pathogens, Influenza Viruses and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hungary," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Romain Espinosa & Nicolas Treich, 2023. "Eliciting Non-hypothetical Willingness-to-pay for Novel Products: An Application to Cultured Meat," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 85(3), pages 673-706, August.
    3. Carlsson, Fredrik & Kataria, Mitesh & Lampi, Elina, 2022. "How much does it take? Willingness to switch to meat substitutes," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    4. Mario J. J. van den Heever & Willem A. Lombard & Yonas T. Bahta & Frikkie A. Maré, 2023. "Cost-Effectiveness of Acaricide Application Methods against Heartwater Disease in South Africa," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-11, February.
    5. Marielle Stel & Nicole Banach, 2023. "Preventing Zoonoses: Testing an Intervention to Change Attitudes and Behaviors toward More Protective Actions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(21), pages 1-18, October.
    6. Wellington Francisco Rodrigues & Camila Botelho Miguel & Ana Paula Oliveira Nogueira & Carlos Ueira-Vieira & Tony De Paiva Paulino & Siomar De Castro Soares & Elisabete Aparecida Mantovani Rodrigues D, 2016. "Antibiotic Resistance of Bacteria Involved in Urinary Infections in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional and Retrospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-10, September.
    7. Nicolas Treich, 2021. "Cultured Meat: Promises and Challenges," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 79(1), pages 33-61, May.
    8. Funke, Franziska & Mattauch, Linus & van den Bijgaart, Inge & Godfray, Charles & Hepburn, Cameron & Klenert, David & Springmann, Marco & Treich, Nicholas, 2021. "Is Meat Too Cheap? Towards Optimal Meat Taxation," INET Oxford Working Papers 2021-08, Institute for New Economic Thinking at the Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford.
    9. Wolfgang Brozek & Christof Falkenberg, 2021. "Industrial Animal Farming and Zoonotic Risk: COVID-19 as a Gateway to Sustainable Change? A Scoping Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-30, August.
    10. Valery Silvery Sonola & Abdul Katakweba & Gerald Misinzo & Mecky Isaac Matee, 2022. "Molecular Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Virulence Factors in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Rodents, Humans, Chicken, and Household Soils in Karatu, Northern Tanz," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-13, April.
    11. Annika Carlsson Kanyama & Jonas Nässén & René Benders, 2021. "Shifting expenditure on food, holidays, and furnishings could lower greenhouse gas emissions by almost 40%," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 25(6), pages 1602-1616, December.
    12. Nicolas Treich, 2022. "The Dasgupta Review and the Problem of Anthropocentrism," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 83(4), pages 973-997, December.
    13. Rivera-Ferre, Marta G. & López-i-Gelats, Feliu & Ravera, Federica & Oteros-Rozas, Elisa & di Masso, Marina & Binimelis, Rosa & El Bilali, Hamid, 2021. "The two-way relationship between food systems and the COVID19 pandemic: causes and consequences," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    14. Martin C. Parlasca & Matin Qaim, 2022. "Meat Consumption and Sustainability," Annual Review of Resource Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 14(1), pages 17-41, October.
    15. Claudiu Ștefan Ursachi & Florentina-Daniela Munteanu & Gabriela Cioca, 2021. "The Safety of Slaughterhouse Workers during the Pandemic Crisis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-10, March.
    16. Nagarajan, Dillirani & Varjani, Sunita & Lee, Duu-Jong & Chang, Jo-Shu, 2021. "Sustainable aquaculture and animal feed from microalgae – Nutritive value and techno-functional components," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    17. Franziska Funke & Linus Mattauch & Inge van den Bijgaart & H. Charles J. Godfray & Cameron Hepburn & David Klenert & Marco Springmann & Nicolas Treich, 2022. "Toward Optimal Meat Pricing: Is It Time to Tax Meat Consumption?," Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 16(2), pages 219-240.
    18. Rui Pedro Fonseca & Ruben Sanchez-Sabate, 2022. "Consumers’ Attitudes towards Animal Suffering: A Systematic Review on Awareness, Willingness and Dietary Change," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-23, December.
    19. Aubert, Cécile & Dang, Hai-Anh & Nguyen, Manh-Hung, 2022. "The Unequal Impact of the COVID Pandemic: Theory and Evidence on Health and Economic Outcomes for Different Income Groups," IZA Discussion Papers 15396, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    20. Niklas Pleger & Beatrix Kloft & David Quarcoo & Simona Zitnik & Stefanie Mache & Doris Klingelhoefer & David A Groneberg, 2014. "Bacterial Meningitis: A Density-Equalizing Mapping Analysis of the Global Research Architecture," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-13, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:20:p:10730-:d:655609. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.