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Social Factors Associated with the Effectiveness of a Spanish Parent Training Program—An Opportunity to Reduce Health Inequality Gap in Families

Author

Listed:
  • Noelia Vázquez

    (Public Health Agency of Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps, 1, Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
    Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB-Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Pilar Ramos

    (Public Health Agency of Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps, 1, Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain)

  • M.Cruz Molina

    (Department of Methods of Research and Diagnosis in Education, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Lucia Artazcoz

    (Public Health Agency of Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps, 1, Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
    Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB-Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
    CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Center for Research in Occupational Health, University of Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain)

Abstract

Parent training programs (PTPs) have been used extensively in Anglo-Saxon countries, but less so in Southern Europe. Several characteristics of families have been linked to effective parenting and positive development of children, but few studies have examined the social determinants of the effectiveness of PTPs. The Parenting Skills Program for families (PSP) is a PTP from Spain. This study aimed to identify the social characteristics (sex, age, country of birth, marital status, educational level, and employment status) of parents that determine the success of the PSP in relation to social support, parenting skills, parental stress, and negative behaviors among children. A quasi-experimental study with a prepost design with no control group was used. We conducted a survey before (T0) and after the intervention (T1). Sample size was 216. We fit multiple logistic regression models. Parenting skills increased more among parents with a lower educational level. Parents’ stress decreased more among parents who had a lower educational level, were unemployed, and were men. Social support increased among parents who were younger, unemployed, or non-cohabiting. We found no significant differences in the effect on children’s negative behaviors according to the social factors evaluated. The PSP is effective for socioeconomically diverse families, but the success differs according to the parents’ social profile. Unlike most previous studies, the results were better among more socially disadvantaged people, highlighting the potential of this kind of intervention for reducing the social inequality gap between groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Noelia Vázquez & Pilar Ramos & M.Cruz Molina & Lucia Artazcoz, 2020. "Social Factors Associated with the Effectiveness of a Spanish Parent Training Program—An Opportunity to Reduce Health Inequality Gap in Families," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-11, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:7:p:2412-:d:340384
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fuertes, Carmen & Pasarín, M. Isabel & Borrell, Carme & Artazcoz, Lucía & Díez, Èlia, 2012. "Feasibility of a community action model oriented to reduce inequalities in health," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 107(2), pages 289-295.
    2. Jane Barlow & Nadja Smailagic & Nick Huband & Verena Roloff & Cathy Bennett, 2012. "Group‐based parent training programmes for improving parental psychosocial health," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(1), pages 1-197.
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