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Maternal Socioeconomic Factors and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Neonatal Anthropometry

Author

Listed:
  • Calvin Lambert

    (Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

  • Jessica L. Gleason

    (Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

  • Sarah J. Pugh

    (Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

  • Aiyi Liu

    (Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

  • Alaina Bever

    (Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

  • William A. Grobman

    (Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA)

  • Roger B. Newman

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA)

  • Deborah Wing

    (Irvine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of California, Orange, CA 92697, USA
    Fountain Valley Regional Hospital and Medical Center, Fountain Valley, CA 92708, USA)

  • Nicole M. Gerlanc

    (The Prospective Group, Arlington, VA 22209, USA)

  • Fasil Tekola-Ayele

    (Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

  • Katherine L. Grantz

    (Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

Abstract

Disparities in birthweight by maternal race/ethnicity are commonly observed. It is unclear to what extent these disparities are correlates of individual socioeconomic factors. In a prospective cohort of 1645 low-risk singleton pregnancies included in the NICHD Fetal Growth Study (2009–2013), neonatal anthropometry was measured by trained personnel using a standard protocol. Socioeconomic characteristics included employment status, marital status, health insurance, annual income, and education. Separate adjusted generalized linear models were fit to both test the effect of race/ethnicity and the interaction of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic characteristics on neonatal anthropometry. Mean infant birthweight, length, head circumference, and abdominal circumference all differed by race/ethnicity ( p < 0.001). We observed no statistically significant interactions between race/ethnicity and full-time employment/student status, marital status, insurance, or education in association with birthweight, neonatal exam weight, length, or head or abdominal circumference at examination. The interaction between income and race/ethnicity was significant only for abdominal circumference ( p = 0.027), with no other significant interactions for other growth parameters, suggesting that racial/ethnic differences in neonatal anthropometry did not vary by individual socioeconomic factors in low-risk women. Our results do not preclude structural factors, such as lifetime exposure to poverty, as an explanation for racial/ethnic disparities.

Suggested Citation

  • Calvin Lambert & Jessica L. Gleason & Sarah J. Pugh & Aiyi Liu & Alaina Bever & William A. Grobman & Roger B. Newman & Deborah Wing & Nicole M. Gerlanc & Fasil Tekola-Ayele & Katherine L. Grantz, 2020. "Maternal Socioeconomic Factors and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Neonatal Anthropometry," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:19:p:7323-:d:424636
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    References listed on IDEAS

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