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Determinants of the Lifestyle Changes during COVID-19 Pandemic in the Residents of Northern Italy

Author

Listed:
  • Raffaella Cancello

    (Obesity Unit—Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy)

  • Davide Soranna

    (Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Biostatistic Unit, 20145 Milan, Italy)

  • Gaia Zambra

    (Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Biostatistic Unit, 20145 Milan, Italy)

  • Antonella Zambon

    (Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Biostatistic Unit, 20145 Milan, Italy
    Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy)

  • Cecilia Invitti

    (Research laboratory of Preventive Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20122 Milan, Italy)

Abstract

Background: The confinement recommended during COVID-19 pandemic could affect behavior and health. Methods: We conducted a self-reported survey in northern Italy to observe the lockdown effects on lifestyle changes and to assess their determinants. Prevalence Odds Ratio and Prevalence Risk Ratio were determined. Results: 490 adults (84% female) completed the survey: 13% and 43% reported improved and unchanged sleep quality, respectively, while 43% had insomnia symptoms. Among the 272 active subjects in pre-lockdown, 14% continued habitual exercising, 18% increased it and 68% reduced it; 27% of sedentary subjects started physical exercise; 34% reported an improvement in diet quality; 42% increased food intake and 13% decreased it; and 38% of the smokers increased cigarette consumption. Age and the pre-lockdown habit of regular physical exercising were the mainly determinants of lifestyle changes whereas BMI, gender, and the presence of chronic diseases did not. Living with other people increased the likelihood of increasing the food intake ( p = 0.002). Conclusions: More than a third of people were able to positively reorganize their lives during the forced home confinement. It is worth to disseminate information to preserve a healthy lifestyle even when confined at home.

Suggested Citation

  • Raffaella Cancello & Davide Soranna & Gaia Zambra & Antonella Zambon & Cecilia Invitti, 2020. "Determinants of the Lifestyle Changes during COVID-19 Pandemic in the Residents of Northern Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6287-:d:405671
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    1. Stefania Costi & Sara Paltrinieri & Barbara Bressi & Stefania Fugazzaro & Paolo Giorgi Rossi & Elisa Mazzini, 2021. "Poor Sleep during the First Peak of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-14, January.
    2. van de Weijer, Margot P. & de Vries, Lianne P. & Pelt, Dirk H.M. & Ligthart, Lannie & Willemsen, Gonneke & Boomsma, Dorret I. & de Geus, Eco & Bartels, Meike, 2022. "Self-rated health when population health is challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic; a longitudinal study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).
    3. Raquel Lara & Martha Fernández-Daza & Sara Zabarain-Cogollo & María Angustias Olivencia-Carrión & Manuel Jiménez-Torres & María Demelza Olivencia-Carrión & Adelaida Ogallar-Blanco & Débora Godoy-Izqui, 2021. "Active Coping and Anxiety Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spanish Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-17, August.
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    5. Eszter Füzéki & Jan Schröder & Nicolò Carraro & Laura Merlo & Rüdiger Reer & David A. Groneberg & Winfried Banzer, 2021. "Physical Activity during the First COVID-19-Related Lockdown in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-11, March.
    6. Chiara Buizza & Clarissa Ferrari & Giulio Sbravati & Jessica Dagani & Herald Cela & Giuseppe Rainieri & Alberto Ghilardi, 2023. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Well-Being, Social Relationships and Academic Performance in a Sample of University Freshmen: A Propensity Score Match Evaluation Pre- and Post-Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(15), pages 1-19, July.
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    8. Jieun Hwang, 2022. "Subjective Changes in Tobacco Product Use among Korean Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-11, March.
    9. Yu Zhang & Jiayu Li & Xiaoping Jiang, 2022. "Household Physical Activity for Adults in the Context of the Pandemic: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-17, November.
    10. Victoria Blom & Amanda Lönn & Björn Ekblom & Lena V. Kallings & Daniel Väisänen & Erik Hemmingsson & Gunnar Andersson & Peter Wallin & Andreas Stenling & Örjan Ekblom & Magnus Lindwall & Jane Salier E, 2021. "Lifestyle Habits and Mental Health in Light of the Two COVID-19 Pandemic Waves in Sweden, 2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-19, March.
    11. Justin A. DeBlauw & Mary Stenson & Astrid Mel & Daniela German & Aaron Jaggernauth & Brian Lora & Noa Schabes & Raymani Walker & Farouq Yusuf & Stephen J. Ives, 2023. "The Impact of COVID-19 Health and Safety Measures on the Self-Reported Exercise Behaviors and Mental Health of College Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(24), pages 1-14, December.
    12. Hanne Kristine Hegaard & Ane Lilleøre Rom & Karl Bang Christensen & Lotte Broberg & Stinne Høgh & Cecilie Holm Christiansen & Nina Olsen Nathan & Mie Gaarskjaer de Wolff & Peter Damm, 2021. "Lifestyle Habits among Pregnant Women in Denmark during the First COVID-19 Lockdown Compared with a Historical Period—A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-13, July.
    13. Esther García-Esquinas & Rosario Ortolá & Iago Gine-Vázquez & José A. Carnicero & Asier Mañas & Elvira Lara & Alejandro Alvarez-Bustos & German Vicente-Rodriguez & Mercedes Sotos-Prieto & Beatriz Olay, 2021. "Changes in Health Behaviors, Mental and Physical Health among Older Adults under Severe Lockdown Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-25, July.
    14. Anna Mulasso & Margherita Micheletti Cremasco & Simone Cuomo & Andrea Testa & Lynda Stella Lattke & Aurelia De Lorenzo & Alberto Rainoldi & Emanuela Rabaglietti, 2023. "“Stay at Home” during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in an Italian Academic Community," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-13, January.
    15. Monica Sane Schepisi & Anteo Di Napoli & Rosario Asciutto & Simona Vecchi & Concetta Mirisola & Alessio Petrelli, 2021. "The 2008 Financial Crisis and Changes in Lifestyle-Related Behaviors in Italy, Greece, Spain, and Portugal: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-35, August.
    16. Filimonau, Viachaslau & Vi, Le Hong & Beer, Sean & Ermolaev, Vladimir A., 2022. "The Covid-19 pandemic and food consumption at home and away: An exploratory study of English households," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 82(PA).
    17. Rachel L. Knight & Melitta A. McNarry & Liba Sheeran & Adam W. Runacres & Rhys Thatcher & James Shelley & Kelly A. Mackintosh, 2021. "Moving Forward: Understanding Correlates of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour during COVID-19—An Integrative Review and Socioecological Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-19, October.
    18. Margherita Micheletti Cremasco & Anna Mulasso & Alessia Moroni & Andrea Testa & Raffaella Degan & Alberto Rainoldi & Emanuela Rabaglietti, 2021. "Relation among Perceived Weight Change, Sedentary Activities and Sleep Quality during COVID-19 Lockdown: A Study in an Academic Community in Northern Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-14, March.
    19. Małgorzata Znyk & Ilona Wężyk-Caba & Dorota Kaleta, 2022. "The Frequency of Tobacco Smoking and E-Cigarettes Use among Primary Health Care Patients—The Association between Anti-Tobacco Interventions and Smoking in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-18, September.
    20. Luís Midão & Marta Almada & Joana Carrilho & Rute Sampaio & Elísio Costa, 2022. "Pharmacological Adherence Behavior Changes during COVID-19 Outbreak in a Portugal Patient Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-12, January.
    21. Coralie Dumoulin & Nathalie Havet & Jean-Yves Lesueur, 2022. "Analyzing the Difficulties of Continuing Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Crisis in France," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-14, March.
    22. Teresa Rubio-Tomás & Maria Skouroliakou & Dimitrios Ntountaniotis, 2022. "Lockdown Due to COVID-19 and Its Consequences on Diet, Physical Activity, Lifestyle, and Other Aspects of Daily Life Worldwide: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-41, June.
    23. Kabir P. Sadarangani & Gabriela F. De Roia & Pablo Lobo & Robinson Chavez & Jacob Meyer & Carlos Cristi-Montero & David Martinez-Gomez & Gerson Ferrari & Felipe B. Schuch & Alejandro Gil-Salmerón & Ma, 2021. "Changes in Sitting Time, Screen Exposure and Physical Activity during COVID-19 Lockdown in South American Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-12, May.
    24. Jessica M. Yingst & Nicolle M. Krebs & Candace R. Bordner & Andrea L. Hobkirk & Sophia I. Allen & Jonathan Foulds, 2021. "Tobacco Use Changes and Perceived Health Risks among Current Tobacco Users during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-11, February.
    25. Venerando Rapisarda & Carla Loreto & Laura De Angelis & Giuditta Simoncelli & Claudia Lombardo & Riccardo Resina & Nicola Mucci & Agata Matarazzo & Luigi Vimercati & Caterina Ledda, 2021. "Home Working and Physical Activity during SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-8, December.

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