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Wider Dental Care Coverage Associated with Lower Oral Health Inequalities: A Comparison Study between Japan and England

Author

Listed:
  • Kanade Ito

    (Department of Oral Care for Systemic Health Support, Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo 113-8510, Japan)

  • Noriko Cable

    (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK)

  • Tatsuo Yamamoto

    (Department of Disaster Medicine and Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan)

  • Kayo Suzuki

    (Department of Policy Studies, Aichi Gakuin University, Nisshin 470-0195, Japan)

  • Katsunori Kondo

    (Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
    Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan)

  • Ken Osaka

    (Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan)

  • Georgios Tsakos

    (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK)

  • Richard G. Watt

    (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK)

  • Jun Aida

    (Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan)

Abstract

Countries with different oral health care systems may have different levels of oral health related inequalities. We compared the socioeconomic inequalities in oral health among older adults in Japan and England. We used the data for adults aged 65 years or over from Japan ( N = 79,707) and England ( N = 5115) and estimated absolute inequality (the Slope Index of Inequality, SII) and relative inequality (the Relative Index of Inequality, RII) for edentulism (the condition of having no natural teeth) by educational attainment and income. All analyses were adjusted for sex and age. Overall, 14% of the Japanese subjects and 21% of the English were edentulous. In both Japan and England, lower income and educational attainment were significantly associated with a higher risk of being edentulous. Education-based SII in Japan and England were 9.9% and 26.7%, respectively, and RII were 2.5 and 4.8, respectively. Income-based SII in Japan and England were 9.2% and 14.4%, respectively, and RII were 2.1 and 1.9, respectively. Social inequalities in edentulous individuals exist in both these high-income countries, but Japan, with wider coverage for dental care, had lower levels of inequality than England.

Suggested Citation

  • Kanade Ito & Noriko Cable & Tatsuo Yamamoto & Kayo Suzuki & Katsunori Kondo & Ken Osaka & Georgios Tsakos & Richard G. Watt & Jun Aida, 2020. "Wider Dental Care Coverage Associated with Lower Oral Health Inequalities: A Comparison Study between Japan and England," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-10, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:15:p:5539-:d:392572
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Akemi Nishide & Misuzu Fujita & Yasunori Sato & Kengo Nagashima & Sho Takahashi & Akira Hata, 2017. "Income-Related Inequalities in Access to Dental Care Services in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-10, May.
    2. Tsakos, G. & Demakakos, P. & Breeze, E. & Watt, R.G., 2011. "Social gradients in oral health in older adults: Findings from the english longitudinal survey of aging," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(10), pages 1892-1899.
    3. Coronini-Cronberg, S. & Millett, C. & Laverty, A.A. & Webb, E., 2012. "The impact of a free older persons' bus pass on active travel and regular walking in England," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(11), pages 2141-2148.
    4. Misuzu Fujita & Yasunori Sato & Kengo Nagashima & Sho Takahashi & Akira Hata, 2016. "Income Related Inequality of Health Care Access in Japan: A Retrospective Cohort Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(3), pages 1-19, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daijo Shiratsuchi & Hyuma Makizako & Yuki Nakai & Yoshiaki Taniguchi & Tomomi Akanuma & Kaori Yokoyama & Yuriko Matsuzaki-Kihara & Hiroto Yoshida, 2021. "Association of Health Literacy with the Implementation of Exercise during the Declaration of COVID-19 State of Emergency among Japanese Community-Dwelling Old-Old Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-9, February.
    2. Tomoko Kodama & Yusuke Ida & Katsuo Oshima & Hiroko Miura, 2021. "Are Public Oral Care Services Evenly Distributed?—Nation-Wide Assessment of the Provision of Oral Care in Japan Using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-15, October.

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