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Differences in Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence by Employment Type and Sex

Author

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  • Duk Youn Cho

    (Department of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology, Korea National Rehabilitation Center, Seoul 01022, Korea)

  • Jung-Wan Koo

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea)

Abstract

Workers may sometimes do the same work, but differ in their risk of health-related problems depending on whether the employment type is standard or non-standard. Furthermore, even with similar job and employment types, there may be differences in risk factors for health-related problems depending on sex. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by employment type and sex using data from the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES Ⅴ) (2010–2012) and KNHANES Ⅵ (2013–2015) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Overall, 9523 adult wage workers (5523 standard workers and 4000 non-standard workers) aged ≥ 19 years were analyzed. To determine MetS prevalence odds ratios according to employment type, logistic regression analysis was performed disaggregated by sex. The prevalence of MetS significantly increased with age ( p < 0.001), being married ( p < 0.05), current smoking status ( p < 0.05), and high-risk drinking ( p < 0.001) among male subjects. The prevalence of MetS significantly increased among female manual workers ( p < 0.001), those with lower educational level and household income ( p < 0.001). Non-standard workers of either sex showed higher MetS prevalence than standard workers; only females showed significant difference ( p < 0.001). Female non-standard workers showed 1.44, 1.33, and 1.34 (all p < 0.001) times higher odds of MetS prevalence in Models 1, 2, and 3, respectively, compared to standard workers, suggesting a difference in risk factors of MetS according to sex. Also, that employment type affects MetS prevalence suggests that employment pattern is an important risk factor especially in females. Therefore, to manage MetS in female non-standard workers, individual health care as well as social effort may be necessary.

Suggested Citation

  • Duk Youn Cho & Jung-Wan Koo, 2018. "Differences in Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence by Employment Type and Sex," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-10, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:9:p:1798-:d:164923
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joonmo Cho & Jaeseong Lee, 2015. "Persistence of the Gender Gap and Low Employment of Female Workers in a Stratified Labor Market: Evidence from South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(9), pages 1-27, September.
    2. Jui-Hua Huang & Ren-Hau Li & Shu-Ling Huang & Hon-Ke Sia & Yu-Ling Chen & Feng-Cheng Tang, 2015. "Lifestyle Factors and Metabolic Syndrome among Workers: The Role of Interactions between Smoking and Alcohol to Nutrition and Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Jong Ju Seon & Yu Jin Lim & Hae Won Lee & Jae Moon Yoon & Sang June Kim & Seulggie Choi & Ichiro Kawachi & Sang Min Park, 2017. "Cardiovascular health status between standard and nonstandard workers in Korea," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-11, June.
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