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Comorbidity of Symptoms of Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorders among a Population-Based Sample of Simultaneous Users. Insight from a Network Perspective

Author

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  • Stéphanie Baggio

    (Division of Prison Health, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1226 Thônex, Switzerland
    Life Course and Social Inequality Research Centre, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland)

  • Marlène Sapin

    (Swiss Center of Expertise in Social Sciences (FORS) & Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research “LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland)

  • Yasser Khazaal

    (Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Joseph Studer

    (Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland)

  • Hans Wolff

    (Division of Prison Health, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1226 Thônex, Switzerland)

  • Gerhard Gmel

    (Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Addiction Switzerland, 1001 Lausanne, Switzerland
    Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, M6J 1H4 Toronto, Canada
    University of the West of England, BS16 1QY Bristol, UK)

Abstract

Research into comorbidity of alcohol and cannabis use disorders has resulted in inconsistent findings, especially among simultaneous users, who used alcohol and cannabis together on a single occasion. This study investigated the association of alcohol and cannabis use disorders among simultaneous users using a network perspective, which considers direct relationships between symptoms. We used a subset of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis users driven from the representative population-based sample of young Swiss men cohort study on substance use risk factors (C-SURF) ( n = 1559 at baseline and n = 991 at follow-up). Self-reported symptoms of alcohol and cannabis use disorders were collected. Network analyses included network estimation, visualization, and community detection tests. Alcohol and cannabis use symptoms were separated in two distinct clusters, with few paths between them (eleven positive edges at baseline, three at follow-up). Withdrawal symptoms were likely to connect the two disorders at baseline, but not at follow-up. Alcohol and cannabis use disorders appeared as separate disorders among simultaneous users. Our findings mitigated previous findings on the detrimental association between alcohol and cannabis use. Future studies should incorporate network analyses as a means to study comorbidity in other community and clinical samples to confirm our preliminary findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Stéphanie Baggio & Marlène Sapin & Yasser Khazaal & Joseph Studer & Hans Wolff & Gerhard Gmel, 2018. "Comorbidity of Symptoms of Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorders among a Population-Based Sample of Simultaneous Users. Insight from a Network Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2893-:d:191197
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Epskamp, Sacha & Cramer, Angélique O.J. & Waldorp, Lourens J. & Schmittmann, Verena D. & Borsboom, Denny, 2012. "qgraph: Network Visualizations of Relationships in Psychometric Data," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i04).
    2. Stéphanie Baggio & Sally M. Gainsbury & André Berchtold & Katia Iglesias, 2016. "Co-morbidity of gambling and Internet use among Internet and land-based gamblers: classic and network approaches," International Gambling Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 500-517, September.
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