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Dietary Pattern and Its Association with the Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Chinese Older Adults

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  • Jing Sun

    (Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parkland Q4222, Australia
    School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parkland Q4222, Australia)

  • Nicholas J. Buys

    (Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parkland Q4222, Australia)

  • Andrew P. Hills

    (Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parkland Q4222, Australia
    Mater Mothers’ Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
    Centre for Nutrition and Exercise, Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia)

Abstract

Aim : This article examined the association between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese older adults. Methods : For this study, older adults with one or more cardiovascular risk factors or a history of cardiovascular disease were randomly selected using health check medical records from the Changshu and Beijing Fangshan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis was used to extract dietary pattern factors. Log binomial regression analysis was used to analyse the association between dietary patterns and chronic disease related risk factors. Results : Four factors were found through factor analysis. A high level of internal consistency was obtained, with a high Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.83. Cluster analysis identified three dietary patterns: healthy diet, Western diet, and balanced diet. Findings in this sample of Chinese adults correspond to those reported in previous studies, indicating that a Western diet is significantly related to likelihood of having obesity, hypertension and the metabolic syndrome. The identification of distinct dietary patterns among Chinese older adults and the nutritional status of people with chronic diseases suggest that the three dietary patterns have a reasonable level of discriminant validity. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that a FFQ is a valid and reliable tool to assess the dietary patterns of individuals with chronic diseases in small- to medium-size urban and rural settings in China. It also validates the significant association between dietary pattern and cardiovascular disease risk factors, including body mass index, blood pressure, triglycerides, and metabolic conditions. Clinical diagnosis of chronic disease further confirmed this relationship in Chinese older adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing Sun & Nicholas J. Buys & Andrew P. Hills, 2014. "Dietary Pattern and Its Association with the Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Chinese Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:11:y:2014:i:4:p:3956-3971:d:34983
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Namhee Kim & Go-Un Kim & Heejung Kim, 2020. "Comparative Study of Dietary Patterns by Living Arrangements: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013–2015," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Zhao Hu & Lulu Qin & Huilan Xu, 2017. "One-Year Results of a Synthetic Intervention Model for the Primary Prevention of T2D among Elderly Individuals with Prediabetes in Rural China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Małgorzata Godala & Michalina Krzyżak & Dominik Maślach & Ewelina Gaszyńska, 2022. "Relationship between Dietary Behaviors and Physical Activity and the Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-11, May.

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