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Hydrogen Production as a Clean Energy Carrier through Heterojunction Semiconductors for Environmental Remediation

Author

Listed:
  • Ashkan Bahadoran

    (State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Qinglei Liu

    (State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Seeram Ramakrishna

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117574, Singapore)

  • Behzad Sadeghi

    (Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84511 Bratislava, Slovakia)

  • Moara Marques De Castro

    (Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84511 Bratislava, Slovakia)

  • Pasquale Daniele Cavaliere

    (Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy)

Abstract

Today, as a result of the advancement of technology and increasing environmental problems, the need for clean energy has considerably increased. In this regard, hydrogen, which is a clean and sustainable energy carrier with high energy density, is among the well-regarded and effective means to deliver and store energy, and can also be used for environmental remediation purposes. Renewable hydrogen energy carriers can successfully substitute fossil fuels and decrease carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and reduce the rate of global warming. Hydrogen generation from sustainable solar energy and water sources is an environmentally friendly resolution for growing global energy demands. Among various solar hydrogen production routes, semiconductor-based photocatalysis seems a promising scheme that is mainly performed using two kinds of homogeneous and heterogeneous methods, of which the latter is more advantageous. During semiconductor-based heterogeneous photocatalysis, a solid material is stimulated by exposure to light and generates an electron–hole pair that subsequently takes part in redox reactions leading to hydrogen production. This review paper tries to thoroughly introduce and discuss various semiconductor-based photocatalysis processes for environmental remediation with a specific focus on heterojunction semiconductors with the hope that it will pave the way for new designs with higher performance to protect the environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Ashkan Bahadoran & Qinglei Liu & Seeram Ramakrishna & Behzad Sadeghi & Moara Marques De Castro & Pasquale Daniele Cavaliere, 2022. "Hydrogen Production as a Clean Energy Carrier through Heterojunction Semiconductors for Environmental Remediation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-30, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:9:p:3222-:d:804265
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shuo Li & Huili Zhang & Jiapei Nie & Raf Dewil & Jan Baeyens & Yimin Deng, 2021. "The Direct Reduction of Iron Ore with Hydrogen," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-15, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wahyu Prasetyo Utomo & Hao Wu & Yun Hau Ng, 2022. "Quantification Methodology of Ammonia Produced from Electrocatalytic and Photocatalytic Nitrogen/Nitrate Reduction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Omer Faruk Noyan & Muhammad Mahmudul Hasan & Nezih Pala, 2023. "A Global Review of the Hydrogen Energy Eco-System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-22, February.

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