IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i24p6487-d458707.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Characterization of Metallic Interconnects Extracted from Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stacks Operated up to 20,000 h in Real Life Conditions: The Air Side

Author

Listed:
  • Giorgia Ghiara

    (Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy)

  • Paolo Piccardo

    (Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy)

  • Valeria Bongiorno

    (Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy)

  • Christian Geipel

    (Sunfire GmbH, Gasanstaltstraße 2, 01237 Dresden, Germany)

  • Roberto Spotorno

    (Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy)

Abstract

Metallic interconnects represent the main component of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack in terms of weight and volume. They are typically made of ferritic stainless steel (FSS) coated on the air side. At the stack operating conditions, the interconnect is exposed to a dual atmosphere: air at the cathode side; fuel (a hydrogen-rich mixture) at the anode side. The stacks considered in this study were field operated in reformed natural gas for 5000, 9000 and 20,000 h respectively. The analyzed interconnects are made from CROFER22APU and coated on the air side with Co-Mn base spinel. One interconnect has been studied for each stack by sampling and preparing cross section the inlet and outlet positions. The samples were characterized by SEM-EDXS in order to investigate the evolution of the interconnect at the air side. The interaction between the metal substrate and the coating is investigated highlighting the formation of chromia based thermal grown oxide (at the FSS/coating interface) and the solid-state diffusion of Cr and Fe from the metal into the coating. The microstructural features evolving as a function of time are also quantified.

Suggested Citation

  • Giorgia Ghiara & Paolo Piccardo & Valeria Bongiorno & Christian Geipel & Roberto Spotorno, 2020. "Characterization of Metallic Interconnects Extracted from Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stacks Operated up to 20,000 h in Real Life Conditions: The Air Side," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:24:p:6487-:d:458707
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/24/6487/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/24/6487/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fernandes, Marina Domingues & Bistritzki, Victor & Domingues, Rosana Zacarias & Matencio, Tulio & Rapini, Márcia & Sinisterra, Rubén Dario, 2020. "Solid oxide fuel cell technology paths: National innovation system contributions from Japan and the United States," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    2. Choudhury, Arnab & Chandra, H. & Arora, A., 2013. "Application of solid oxide fuel cell technology for power generation—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 430-442.
    3. Shaikh, Shabana P.S. & Muchtar, Andanastuti & Somalu, Mahendra R., 2015. "A review on the selection of anode materials for solid-oxide fuel cells," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1-8.
    4. Damo, U.M. & Ferrari, M.L. & Turan, A. & Massardo, A.F., 2019. "Solid oxide fuel cell hybrid system: A detailed review of an environmentally clean and efficient source of energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 235-246.
    5. Yang, JiaJun & Yan, Dong & Huang, Wei & Li, Jun & Pu, Jian & Chi, Bo & Jian, Li, 2018. "Improvement on durability and thermal cycle performance for solid oxide fuel cell stack with external manifold structure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 903-913.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Attilio Converti, 2021. "Environmental and Energetic Valorization of Renewable Resources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-5, December.
    2. Paolo Piccardo & Roberto Spotorno & Christian Geipel, 2022. "Investigation of a Metallic Interconnect Extracted from an SOFC Stack after 40,000 h of Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-16, May.
    3. Mao, Jingwen & Wang, Enhua & Wang, Hewu & Ouyang, Minggao & Chen, Youpeng & Hu, Haoran & Lu, Languang & Ren, Dongsheng & Liu, Yadi, 2023. "Progress in metal corrosion mechanism and protective coating technology for interconnect and metal support of solid oxide cells," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dasheng Lee & Kuan-Chung Lin, 2020. "How to Transform Sustainable Energy Technology into a Unicorn Start-Up: Technology Review and Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-26, April.
    2. Gabriele Loreti & Andrea Luigi Facci & Stefano Ubertini, 2021. "High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-24, November.
    3. Mingfei Li & Jiajian Wu & Zhengpeng Chen & Jiangbo Dong & Zhiping Peng & Kai Xiong & Mumin Rao & Chuangting Chen & Xi Li, 2022. "Data-Driven Voltage Prognostic for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System Based on Deep Learning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-20, August.
    4. Xu, Yuan-wu & Wu, Xiao-long & Zhong, Xiao-bo & Zhao, Dong-qi & Sorrentino, Marco & Jiang, Jianhua & Jiang, Chang & Fu, Xiaowei & Li, Xi, 2021. "Mechanism model-based and data-driven approach for the diagnosis of solid oxide fuel cell stack leakage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    5. Yue Teng & Ho Yeon Lee & Haesu Lee & Yoon Ho Lee, 2022. "Effect of Sputtering Pressure on the Nanostructure and Residual Stress of Thin-Film YSZ Electrolyte," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-9, August.
    6. Li, Feng & Yuan, Yupeng & Yan, Xinping & Malekian, Reza & Li, Zhixiong, 2018. "A study on a numerical simulation of the leakage and diffusion of hydrogen in a fuel cell ship," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 177-185.
    7. de Avila Ferreira, Tafarel & Wuillemin, Zacharie & Faulwasser, Timm & Salzmann, Christophe & Van herle, Jan & Bonvin, Dominique, 2019. "Enforcing optimal operation in solid-oxide fuel-cell systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 281-293.
    8. Hou, Rui & Zhang, Nachuan & Gao, Wei & Chen, Kang & Liu, Yongqiu, 2023. "Thermodynamic, environmental, and exergoeconomic feasibility analyses and optimization of biomass gasifier-solid oxide fuel cell boosting a doable-flash binary geothermal cycle; a novel trigeneration ," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    9. Tanveer, Waqas Hassan & Rezk, Hegazy & Nassef, Ahmed & Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali & Kolosz, Ben & Karuppasamy, K. & Aslam, Jawad & Gilani, Syed Omer, 2020. "Improving fuel cell performance via optimal parameters identification through fuzzy logic based-modeling and optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    10. Michail Cheliotis & Evangelos Boulougouris & Nikoletta L Trivyza & Gerasimos Theotokatos & George Livanos & George Mantalos & Athanasios Stubos & Emmanuel Stamatakis & Alexandros Venetsanos, 2021. "Review on the Safe Use of Ammonia Fuel Cells in the Maritime Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-20, May.
    11. Roberta De Robbio, 2023. "Micro Gas Turbine Role in Distributed Generation with Renewable Energy Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-37, January.
    12. Fiammetta Rita Bianchi & Arianna Baldinelli & Linda Barelli & Giovanni Cinti & Emilio Audasso & Barbara Bosio, 2020. "Multiscale Modeling for Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-16, September.
    13. Fabrizio, Enrico & Seguro, Federico & Filippi, Marco, 2014. "Integrated HVAC and DHW production systems for Zero Energy Buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 515-541.
    14. Ramadhani, F. & Hussain, M.A. & Mokhlis, H. & Hajimolana, S., 2017. "Optimization strategies for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) application: A literature survey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 460-484.
    15. Park, Heejin & Jung, Yoonju & Park, Chungi & Lee, Jaeseung & Ghasemi, Masoomeh & Alam, Afroz & Kim, Hyeonjin & Kim, Jinwook & Park, Sojin & Choi, Kyungshik & You, Hyunseok & Ju, Hyunchul, 2023. "Performance evaluation and economic feasibility of a PAFC-based multi-energy hub system in South Korea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PB).
    16. Ghotkar, Rhushikesh & Milcarek, Ryan J., 2020. "Investigation of flame-assisted fuel cells integrated with an auxiliary power unit gas turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    17. Yuanwu Xu & Hao Shu & Hongchuan Qin & Xiaolong Wu & Jingxuan Peng & Chang Jiang & Zhiping Xia & Yongan Wang & Xi Li, 2022. "Real-Time State of Health Estimation for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Based on Unscented Kalman Filter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-17, March.
    18. Iliya Krastev Iliev & Antonina Andreevna Filimonova & Andrey Alexandrovich Chichirov & Natalia Dmitrievna Chichirova & Alexander Vadimovich Pechenkin & Artem Sergeevich Vinogradov, 2023. "Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Combined Heat and Power Systems with SOFCs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-17, February.
    19. Quan, Shengwei & Wang, Ya-Xiong & Xiao, Xuelian & He, Hongwen & Sun, Fengchun, 2021. "Feedback linearization-based MIMO model predictive control with defined pseudo-reference for hydrogen regulation of automotive fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    20. Chmielniak, Tadeusz & Remiorz, Leszek, 2020. "Entropy analysis of hydrogen production in electrolytic processes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:24:p:6487-:d:458707. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.